APUSH 1980-1992

• Rise of the Conservative Movement   * Rise of Berry Goldwater in the 1964 election   * Reaction to:     * New Deal liberalism and welfare state     * Feminism     * Legalization of abortion       * Roe v. Wade - 1973     * Sexual Revolution     * Expansion of gay rights     * Affirmative action policies     * Drug use   * Belief that these issues were undermined     * Family and religious values     * Work ethic     * National security   * “Moral Majority” movement, founded by Reverend Jerry Falwell   * Rise of the “religious right”
• Election of 1980   * Election of Ronald Reagan in 1980 was an important milestone for the conservative movement     * New Right       * Opposed to a large federal government   * Conservatives argued against liberal programs     * Opposed government entitlement spending       * Felt counterproductive in fighting poverty and stimulation of economic growth
• Reagan and the Economy   * Reagan favored supply-side economics     * Reaganomics     * Enacted significant tax cuts for the rich     * Idea of trickle-down economics   * Supported deregulation of many industries   * Union membership continued to decline     * Loss of manufacturing jobs     * Anti-union policies   * Federal budget was not balanced     * Increased defense spending and tax cuts
• Reagan’s Foreign Policy   * Reagan asserted U.S. opposition to communism   * Speeches     * Evil Empire Speech   * Limited Military Interventions     * Grenada   * Diplomatic Efforts     * The relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev led to a relaxation of tensions   * Military spending     * Increased     * Proposed Strategic Defense Initiative       * Star Wars
• Reagan Doctrine   * 1979 Nicaragua     * A Marxist group known as the Sandinista led a revolt against pro-American right-wig dictatorship   * Reagan administration provided military aid to the Contras in their fight against the Sandinistas     * Boland Amendment prevented further aid to the contras   * Grenada     * Pro-Cuban regime came to power after a coup       * 1983         * Reagan sent a small force of marines to return the pro-U.S. government to power   * Iran-Contra Affair     * Weapon sales to Iran funded Contras in Nicaragua       * Illegal since it violated the Boland Amendment       * Embarrassed, the Reagan administration
• U.S. and the Soviet Union   * Mikhail Gorbachev began a series of reforms     * Glasnost       * Openness       * Greater political freedom     * Perestroika       * Slowly implemented capitalist reforms   * Soviets pulled back in places such as Eastern Europe   * Arms control agreements     * 1987       * Intermediate-Range nuclear forces Treaty
• End of the Cold War   * Factors     * Political and economic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe     * Increased U.S. military spending     * Reagan’s diplomatic initiatives   * Dissolution of Soviet Union in 1991
• George W. Bush   * Elected in 1988   * Persian Gulf War     * In 1990 Iraq, under the leadership of Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait       * U.S. led coalition removed Iraqi troops and liberated Kuwait
• Conservative Supreme Court   * Contrast with the decisions of the Warren Court   * Conservative Sandra Day O’Connor, nominated to Supreme Court in 1981     * First woman

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