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Physical Science - Chapter 10 

Acids, Bases, and Salts

10A Acids and Bases

  • Acids

    • Acid: a substance that produces hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution

    • Aqueous Solution: a water-based solution

    • Hydronium Ion: an ion formed by the combination of a water molecule and a hydrogen ion

    • Indicator: a substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base

  • Bases

    • Base: a substance that produces hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

  • Hydroxide Ion: an ion formed by oxygen and hydrogen

    • Slippery Feel

    • Conductivity

    • Color Change With Indicators

    • Bitter Taste

10B Acidity and Alkalinity

  • Ionization of Acids

    • Strong Acid: an acid in which all or most of the molecules produce hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution

    • Weak Acid: an acid that produces few hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution

  • Dissociation of Bases

    • Strong Base: a base that readily produces large numbers of hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

  • Ionization of Bases

    • Weak Base: a base that produces few hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

  • The pH scale

    • pH: a unitless number between 0 and 14 that tells how acidic or basic a substance is

  • Buffer: a weak acid or base in solution that resists changes in pH when a moderate amount of either an acid or base is added

10C Salts

  • Salt: an ionic compound formed by a combination of cations and anions

  • Neutralization: a double-replacement reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water

Physical Science - Chapter 10 

Acids, Bases, and Salts

10A Acids and Bases

  • Acids

    • Acid: a substance that produces hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution

    • Aqueous Solution: a water-based solution

    • Hydronium Ion: an ion formed by the combination of a water molecule and a hydrogen ion

    • Indicator: a substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base

  • Bases

    • Base: a substance that produces hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

  • Hydroxide Ion: an ion formed by oxygen and hydrogen

    • Slippery Feel

    • Conductivity

    • Color Change With Indicators

    • Bitter Taste

10B Acidity and Alkalinity

  • Ionization of Acids

    • Strong Acid: an acid in which all or most of the molecules produce hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution

    • Weak Acid: an acid that produces few hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution

  • Dissociation of Bases

    • Strong Base: a base that readily produces large numbers of hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

  • Ionization of Bases

    • Weak Base: a base that produces few hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

  • The pH scale

    • pH: a unitless number between 0 and 14 that tells how acidic or basic a substance is

  • Buffer: a weak acid or base in solution that resists changes in pH when a moderate amount of either an acid or base is added

10C Salts

  • Salt: an ionic compound formed by a combination of cations and anions

  • Neutralization: a double-replacement reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water

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