Unit 7 - Civil War Test
Civil War Timeline Supplement
Directions: As we explore the Civil War Timeline posted to Canvas, I recommend jotting down additional notes/thoughts for certain events that we highlight here.
Lincoln inaugurated March 4th, 1861
By January, southern states are leaving the country
South Carolina is first to secede from the U.S. after Lincoln wins
Declared themselves independent
Reasoning
Just trying to own slaves, northern states trying to be aggressive + hostile
Nullification → going against national law, northern states enforced personal liberty laws
Thoughts about Lincoln : Reference the speech where he mentions freeing slaves eventually, get agitated
Republicans are trying to take power
- (Other states quickly follow)
Gather in Montgomery for a convention
create the Confederate Constitution
Seven seceded states
Like constitution, but more focused on autonomy
Jefferson Davis → provisional president of Confederacy
Green symbolizes Union (the U.S.)
Orange symbolizes the confederate states
Border states are slave states → join union, still part of the U.S.
Delaware
Maryland
Kentucky
Missouri
Oct. 1861 → West Virginia created
Some people from Virginia wanted to break away from the Confederacy, remain part of the Union
Fort Sumter is in South Carolina
U.S. fort deep in Confederate state → surrounded by confederate soldiers
Resupply ship gets bombarded by confederate soldiers
Shot the first shot → Confederacy
First battle of the Civil War
2x the amount of people in the Union vs confederacy
Way more __________ in North than South
Infrastructure
Workers
Manufacturing
Banks
Value of farmland
Railways (can help with communication/transportation)
Same amount of farm acreage between North and South
Anaconda Plan
Union
Blockade Southern Ports
Control Mississippi River (Split Confederacy)
Capture Richmond, VA (Confederate capital)
Confederacy
Survive as a nation
Defend
Cautious opportunism
July 21st, 1861
A.k.a. First Battle of Manassas
Union army marches south for this battle
45,000 union soldiers confronting confederacy
This battle did not end until 1865
People treated it like a form of entertainment (picnics on battlefields)
Dynamic of different reinforcements coming in, since railroads are super close
Right on the border of confederate states and union
Confederacy is victorious
Lincoln replaced General McDowell with McClellan
McClellan leads union army
Union navy blockades south coastal borders
South relying on factories in the North, but North doesn’t want to trade with them
South also can’t trade with other countries
Lincoln→ Commander in Chief
Lincoln cut off food, railroad, material imports from the North
McClellan gets fired because McClellan ignores orders
North is constructing iron warships
clad→ covers in
Shell covered in iron (rest is wood)
South can’t produce this ship
Conflict in Civil War → South has territory in which the Iron clad prototype was
Monitor → Completely made by Iron
Blockade stayed
1862
Confederate forces attack Union
Ulysses S. Grant → Leadership within Union Army
Federal troop were about to be fully defeated, until reinforcements came in, and the next morning the Union was back on their feet
13,000 out of 63,000 Union soldiers died
11,000 out of 40,000 Confederate troops killed
War of 1812 → Andrew Jackson got his fame from that war
Control New Orleans → Control Mississippi River
Northern Virginia
Really close to Washington D.C. (Union is worried)
McClellan is replaced by Burnside
McClellan was criticized for not being able to take commands from Lincoln (Lincoln is having trouble finding a leader who he trusts).
Confederate victory
January 1st
Lincoln only freed the slaves in certain states through the Emancipation Proclamation - which states were these? (Hint: Look at lines 1 - 2.)
Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware → The Border States, not free states
Did this probably for:
Economic purposes
Compromise
The rest are declared free
Conscription → Draft
Reading
General Hooker
Not in power much longer
U.S. divided it’s army → part of Anaconda plan
Concentrated army in Northern Virginia
Split some into Washington D.C.
And the rest go into the South
Confederacy
Union won
June 1863
Pennsylvania
Happening over a course of days
Over July 4th
165,000 fighting
23,000 casualties on Union side
28,000 casualties on Confederacy
Deadliest Battle of the war
Union is victorious
Confederates pushing into Union territory
Considered the “Turning Point”
The Union can afford to lose men, while the Confederacy doesn’t.
Lincoln shows up to the battle
Speaks at the commemoration
Leave the bodies in field, turn it into cemetery
“Four score and seven years ago,” referencing declaration of independence
Lincoln wants to preserve the Union
Edward Everett gives a speech as well
Everett speaks for two hours
Union
McClellan → Abraham Lincoln ordered him a command, McClellan “rejected” it
Grant → Going to become president
Confederate
Robert Lee → Divided on which side to join, Nickname “Stonewall Jackson”
Goes all the way from the north to Georgia
Mission is to destroy confederate infrastructure (railways, roads, canals)
Disrupt Confederate supply lines
Him and his men destroy factories, bridges, railroads, and public buildings
This can be called “Total War” → destroying anything to make enemy surrender
Play a big role in reconstruction
“March to the Sea” → important name for next year
South does not participate in vote → has its own electoral system
Most are red → Voted Lincoln (Republican)
Only 3 states blue → McClellan (Democrat)
Burning Cross→ symbol
Many southern whites were upset with the forced inclusion of blacks into the political system
1866 → KKK formed in Tennessee as a social organization
White supremacists
Goal: Terrorize blacks and prominent white Republicans
Democrats → hate republicans (promoted abolition)
Methods: marches, burning crosses, lynching, etc.
Some wear white sheets over heads
Still not comfortable with 13th, 14th, and 15th amendment
Targeted towards Republicans → Radical
The author is threatening to nail republicans into boxes (caskets, coffins) and send them away to the KKK.
James Davie → Radical Republican
Rutherford B. Hayes REPUBLICAN (Wins) vs. Samuel Tilden DEMOCRAT
1876: Republicans only control 3 southern states (SC, LA, FL)
Democrats return to power → “the redemption” (getting a second chance after the first)
The “Redeemers” (southern democrats) join power with Northern Democrats→ become Democrats as a whole.
Democrats sympathize with the KKK
Election Results → disputed
Tilden won popular vote
Hayes won electoral votes
Special Congressional Commission investigates if the winner is correct
Investigate → conclude that Hayes did win
Southern Democrats accept on two conditions
Guarantee of federal aid to the South
Removal of all remaining federal troops
Threat of succession is pretty much gone
Marks the end of reconstruction
Civil War Timeline Supplement
Directions: As we explore the Civil War Timeline posted to Canvas, I recommend jotting down additional notes/thoughts for certain events that we highlight here.
Lincoln inaugurated March 4th, 1861
By January, southern states are leaving the country
South Carolina is first to secede from the U.S. after Lincoln wins
Declared themselves independent
Reasoning
Just trying to own slaves, northern states trying to be aggressive + hostile
Nullification → going against national law, northern states enforced personal liberty laws
Thoughts about Lincoln : Reference the speech where he mentions freeing slaves eventually, get agitated
Republicans are trying to take power
- (Other states quickly follow)
Gather in Montgomery for a convention
create the Confederate Constitution
Seven seceded states
Like constitution, but more focused on autonomy
Jefferson Davis → provisional president of Confederacy
Green symbolizes Union (the U.S.)
Orange symbolizes the confederate states
Border states are slave states → join union, still part of the U.S.
Delaware
Maryland
Kentucky
Missouri
Oct. 1861 → West Virginia created
Some people from Virginia wanted to break away from the Confederacy, remain part of the Union
Fort Sumter is in South Carolina
U.S. fort deep in Confederate state → surrounded by confederate soldiers
Resupply ship gets bombarded by confederate soldiers
Shot the first shot → Confederacy
First battle of the Civil War
2x the amount of people in the Union vs confederacy
Way more __________ in North than South
Infrastructure
Workers
Manufacturing
Banks
Value of farmland
Railways (can help with communication/transportation)
Same amount of farm acreage between North and South
Anaconda Plan
Union
Blockade Southern Ports
Control Mississippi River (Split Confederacy)
Capture Richmond, VA (Confederate capital)
Confederacy
Survive as a nation
Defend
Cautious opportunism
July 21st, 1861
A.k.a. First Battle of Manassas
Union army marches south for this battle
45,000 union soldiers confronting confederacy
This battle did not end until 1865
People treated it like a form of entertainment (picnics on battlefields)
Dynamic of different reinforcements coming in, since railroads are super close
Right on the border of confederate states and union
Confederacy is victorious
Lincoln replaced General McDowell with McClellan
McClellan leads union army
Union navy blockades south coastal borders
South relying on factories in the North, but North doesn’t want to trade with them
South also can’t trade with other countries
Lincoln→ Commander in Chief
Lincoln cut off food, railroad, material imports from the North
McClellan gets fired because McClellan ignores orders
North is constructing iron warships
clad→ covers in
Shell covered in iron (rest is wood)
South can’t produce this ship
Conflict in Civil War → South has territory in which the Iron clad prototype was
Monitor → Completely made by Iron
Blockade stayed
1862
Confederate forces attack Union
Ulysses S. Grant → Leadership within Union Army
Federal troop were about to be fully defeated, until reinforcements came in, and the next morning the Union was back on their feet
13,000 out of 63,000 Union soldiers died
11,000 out of 40,000 Confederate troops killed
War of 1812 → Andrew Jackson got his fame from that war
Control New Orleans → Control Mississippi River
Northern Virginia
Really close to Washington D.C. (Union is worried)
McClellan is replaced by Burnside
McClellan was criticized for not being able to take commands from Lincoln (Lincoln is having trouble finding a leader who he trusts).
Confederate victory
January 1st
Lincoln only freed the slaves in certain states through the Emancipation Proclamation - which states were these? (Hint: Look at lines 1 - 2.)
Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware → The Border States, not free states
Did this probably for:
Economic purposes
Compromise
The rest are declared free
Conscription → Draft
Reading
General Hooker
Not in power much longer
U.S. divided it’s army → part of Anaconda plan
Concentrated army in Northern Virginia
Split some into Washington D.C.
And the rest go into the South
Confederacy
Union won
June 1863
Pennsylvania
Happening over a course of days
Over July 4th
165,000 fighting
23,000 casualties on Union side
28,000 casualties on Confederacy
Deadliest Battle of the war
Union is victorious
Confederates pushing into Union territory
Considered the “Turning Point”
The Union can afford to lose men, while the Confederacy doesn’t.
Lincoln shows up to the battle
Speaks at the commemoration
Leave the bodies in field, turn it into cemetery
“Four score and seven years ago,” referencing declaration of independence
Lincoln wants to preserve the Union
Edward Everett gives a speech as well
Everett speaks for two hours
Union
McClellan → Abraham Lincoln ordered him a command, McClellan “rejected” it
Grant → Going to become president
Confederate
Robert Lee → Divided on which side to join, Nickname “Stonewall Jackson”
Goes all the way from the north to Georgia
Mission is to destroy confederate infrastructure (railways, roads, canals)
Disrupt Confederate supply lines
Him and his men destroy factories, bridges, railroads, and public buildings
This can be called “Total War” → destroying anything to make enemy surrender
Play a big role in reconstruction
“March to the Sea” → important name for next year
South does not participate in vote → has its own electoral system
Most are red → Voted Lincoln (Republican)
Only 3 states blue → McClellan (Democrat)
Burning Cross→ symbol
Many southern whites were upset with the forced inclusion of blacks into the political system
1866 → KKK formed in Tennessee as a social organization
White supremacists
Goal: Terrorize blacks and prominent white Republicans
Democrats → hate republicans (promoted abolition)
Methods: marches, burning crosses, lynching, etc.
Some wear white sheets over heads
Still not comfortable with 13th, 14th, and 15th amendment
Targeted towards Republicans → Radical
The author is threatening to nail republicans into boxes (caskets, coffins) and send them away to the KKK.
James Davie → Radical Republican
Rutherford B. Hayes REPUBLICAN (Wins) vs. Samuel Tilden DEMOCRAT
1876: Republicans only control 3 southern states (SC, LA, FL)
Democrats return to power → “the redemption” (getting a second chance after the first)
The “Redeemers” (southern democrats) join power with Northern Democrats→ become Democrats as a whole.
Democrats sympathize with the KKK
Election Results → disputed
Tilden won popular vote
Hayes won electoral votes
Special Congressional Commission investigates if the winner is correct
Investigate → conclude that Hayes did win
Southern Democrats accept on two conditions
Guarantee of federal aid to the South
Removal of all remaining federal troops
Threat of succession is pretty much gone
Marks the end of reconstruction