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MIDTERM
What is the scientific term for an impression made by the ridges on the fingers and thumbs?
a) Dactyloscopy
b) Dermatoglyphics
c) Dactylogram
d) Dactylomancy
Answer: b) Dermatoglyphics
Which field of study involves the manual comparison of fingerprints for personal identification?
a) Dactyloscopy
b) Dactylography
c) Dermatoglyphics
d) Dactylomancy
Answer: a) Dactyloscopy
What forensic science studies friction ridge characteristics on the soles of the feet?
a) Podoscopy
b) Poroscopy
c) Dactyloscopy
d) Dermatoglyphics
Answer: a) Podoscopy
Which of the following terms refers to the scientific study and analysis of fingerprints for identification purposes?
a) Dactyloscopy
b) Dactylography
c) Dactylomancy
d) Dermatoglyphics
Answer: a) Dactyloscopy
If a forensic examiner finds a partial fingerprint at a crime scene, which phalange is most likely involved?
a) Proximal phalange
b) Middle phalange
c) Terminal phalange
d) Basal phalange
Answer: c) Terminal phalange
What was the significance of State vs. Conners in fingerprint jurisprudence?
a) It ruled that fingerprint evidence could only be admitted with eyewitness testimony
b) It allowed fingerprint evidence to be presented through photographs rather than requiring the physical object in court
c) It declared fingerprint evidence inadmissible without scientific validation
d) It was the first case to introduce DNA and fingerprint evidence together
Answer: b) It allowed fingerprint evidence to be presented through photographs rather than requiring the physical object in court
What is the science of identifying ridge patterns on the palms of the hands called?
a) Chiroscopy
b) Podoscopy
c) Poroscopy
d) Dermatoglyphics
Answer: a) Chiroscopy
What is the meaning of the Greek word "Glype" in Dermatoglyphics?
a) Finger
b) Study
c) Carve
d) Skin
Answer: c) Carve
Why is fingerprint identification considered a reliable method of personal identification?
a) Fingerprints change every few years, ensuring uniqueness
b) No two fingerprints are identical, and they remain unchanged throughout life
c) Fingerprints are difficult to analyze, making them unique
d) Fingerprints can be altered but still provide clues for identification
Answer: b) No two fingerprints are identical, and they remain unchanged throughout life
Why is the case of People vs. Jennings significant in forensic history?
a) It was the first case where DNA evidence was used in court
b) It established fingerprint evidence as a valid basis for conviction in the U.S.
c) It ruled that fingerprint evidence is unreliable in criminal cases
d) It introduced fingerprint comparison using computers
Answer: b) It established fingerprint evidence as a valid basis for conviction in the U.S.
What does Poroscopy study?
a) Ridge characteristics on the soles of the feet
b) The unique arrangement of pores in the friction ridges
c) The overall shape of fingerprints
d) The structure of sweat glands on fingertips
Answer: b) The unique arrangement of pores in the friction ridges
How does the Principle of Permanency support fingerprint identification?
a) Fingerprints can regenerate into different patterns after injury
b) Fingerprint patterns remain unchanged from embryonic development until decomposition
c) Fingerprints can be easily modified for security purposes
d) Fingerprints can change slightly over time but remain recognizable
Answer: b) Fingerprint patterns remain unchanged from embryonic development until decomposition
Which notorious criminal attempted to remove his fingerprints with acid but was still identified post-mortem?
a) Al Capone
b) John Dillinger
c) Charles Ponzi
d) Jesse James
Answer: b) John Dillinger
What is the primary difference between Chiroscopy and Podoscopy?
a) Chiroscopy examines fingerprints, while Podoscopy examines DNA
b) Chiroscopy focuses on palm prints, while Podoscopy studies foot ridge patterns
c) Chiroscopy is used in fingerprint analysis, while Podoscopy is used in voice identification
d) Chiroscopy involves fingerprint lifting, while Podoscopy involves facial recognition
Answer: b) Chiroscopy focuses on palm prints, while Podoscopy studies foot ridge patterns
Who stated that while skin ridge arrangements are never duplicated between individuals, some similarities can be found?
a) Dr. Henry Faulds
b) Juan Vucetich
c) J.C.A. Mayer
d) Sir Edward Richard Henry
Which phalange is located at the tip of the finger?
a) Proximal phalange
b) Middle phalange
c) Terminal phalange
d) Basal phalange
Answer: c) Terminal phalange
What distinguishes Dactyloscopy from Dactylography?
a) Dactyloscopy focuses on personal identification, while Dactylography involves the scientific study and analysis of fingerprints
b) Dactyloscopy studies skin patterns, while Dactylography studies handwriting analysis
c) Dactyloscopy and Dactylography are interchangeable terms with the same meaning
d) Dactyloscopy is concerned with fingerprint personality traits, while Dactylography is used for crime scene investigation
Answer: a) Dactyloscopy focuses on personal identification, while Dactylography involves the scientific study and analysis of fingerprints
Why is friction skin important in forensic science?
a) It prevents injuries
b) It provides individual ridge patterns for identification
c) It allows sweat excretion
d) It protects bones from damage
Answer: b) It provides individual ridge patterns for identification
A criminal attempted to alter his fingerprints using acid, but law enforcement was still able to identify him. Which fingerprint principle explains why this method failed?
a) Principle of Individuality
b) Principle of Permanency
c) Principle of Infallibility
d) Principle of Variability
Answer: b) Principle of Permanency
In the case of People vs. Coral, why were fingerprints considered the strongest evidence of identity?
a) Because they are unique and permanent
b) Because they can be easily forged
c) Because they can be changed over time
d) Because they are dependent on witness testimony
Answer: a) Because they are unique and permanent
How did Sir William James Herschel contribute to forensic science?
a) He was the first to use palm prints for identification
b) He developed the modern fingerprint classification system
c) He discovered that fingerprint ridges contain sweat pores
d) He introduced DNA profiling in crime investigations
Answer: b) He developed the modern fingerprint classification system
In which case did the court allow fingerprint evidence to be introduced in New Jersey?
a) People vs. Jennings
b) State vs. Cerciello
c) State vs. Conners
d) People vs. Coral
Answer: c) State vs. Conners
What is the basal phalange also known as?
a) Terminal phalange
b) Proximal phalange
c) Middle phalange
d) Distal phalange
Answer: b) Proximal phalange
Who recommended using printer’s ink to take fingerprints for criminal identification?
a) Gilbert Thompson
b) Dr. Henry Faulds
c) Sir Francis Galton
d) Johannes Evangelist Purkinje
Answer: a) Gilbert Thompson
The dermis contains which important structures?
a) Blood vessels and nerves
b) Ridges and furrows
c) Friction ridges
d) Only epidermal cells
Answer: a) Blood vessels and nerves
Which principle supports the use of Poroscopy in forensic identification?
a) The Principle of Variation
b) The Principle of Permanency
c) The Principle of Universality
d) The Principle of Probability
Answer: b) The Principle of Permanency
The Stratum Granulosum is responsible for:
a) Grip formation
b) Waterproofing the skin
c) Sweat excretion
d) Fat storage
Answer: b) Waterproofing the skin
A person has burned the outermost layer of their fingertip. Which epidermal layer is likely affected first?
a) Stratum Basale
b) Stratum Corneum
c) Stratum Granulosum
d) Dermis
Answer: b) Stratum Corneum
Which scientist is known for studying the friction skin and ridge patterns?
a) Nehemiah Grew
b) Sir Edward Henry
c) Johannes Evangelist Purkinje
d) Herman Welcker
Answer: a) Nehemiah Grew
Who was the first to describe the ridges and pores of the hands and feet in a report before the Royal Society of London?
a) Sir William Herschel
b) Nehemiah Grew
c) Johannes Evangelist Purkinje
d) Dr. Henry Faulds
Answer: b) Nehemiah Grew
What is the innermost layer of skin?
a) Dermis
b) Epidermis
c) Stratum Basale
d) Hypodermis
Answer: d) Hypodermis
Which scientists from Lyon conducted experiments using boiling water, hot oil, and hot metal to test fingerprint permanency?
a) Henry Faulds and William Herschel
b) Locard and Witkowsji
c) Alphonse Bertillon and Edward Henry
d) Francis Galton and Juan Vucetich
Answer: b) Locard and Witkowsji
If an individual has no sweat glands, how would it affect fingerprint identification?
a) It would erase the ridges permanently
b) It would make fingerprints harder to detect
c) It would change the fingerprint pattern
d) It would cause the skin to peel
Answer: b) It would make fingerprints harder to detect
Why do fingerprints remain unchanged throughout a person’s life?
a) The ridges are constantly renewed by the Stratum Basale
b) Sweat glands reshape the friction ridges
c) Fingerprints regenerate due to dermal papillae
d) The skin repairs itself by forming new ridge patterns
Answer: a) The ridges are constantly renewed by the Stratum Basale
If two identical twins were involved in a crime and only a fingerprint was left at the crime scene, what principle would allow investigators to differentiate them?
a) Principle of Permanency
b) Principle of Individuality
c) Principle of Infallibility
d) Principle of Similarity
Answer: b) Principle of Individuality
Which Italian anatomist was referred to as the Grandfather of Dactyloscopy by Dr. Edmond Locard?
a) J.C.A. Mayer
b) Professor Marcelo Malpighi
c) Gilbert Thompson
d) Juan Vucetich
Answer: b) Professor Marcelo Malpighi
How many types of phalanges are found in each finger?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
Answer: b) 3
Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for generating new skin cells?
a) Stratum Corneum
b) Stratum Basale
c) Stratum Lucidum
d) Stratum Granulosum
Answer: b) Stratum Basale
Which phalange would show the most visible fingerprint ridges?
a) Proximal
b) Middle
c) Terminal
d) Basal
Answer: c) Terminal
Who is known as the Father of Dactyloscopy and developed a classification system for fingerprint ridges?
a) Herman Welcker
b) Juan Vucetich
c) Johannes Evangelist Purkinje
d) Sir Edward Richard Henry
Answer: d) Sir Edward Richard Henry
Why do fingerprints remain unchanged throughout a person’s life?
a) The ridges are constantly renewed by the Stratum Basale
b) Sweat glands reshape the friction ridges
c) Fingerprints regenerate due to dermal papillae
d) The skin repairs itself by forming new ridge patterns
Answer: a) The ridges are constantly renewed by the Stratum Basale (repeated question)
Why do fingerprints remain unchanged throughout a person’s life?
a) The ridges are constantly renewed by the Stratum Basale
b) Sweat glands reshape the friction ridges
c) Fingerprints regenerate due to dermal papillae
d) The skin repairs itself by forming new ridge patterns
Answer: a) The ridges are constantly renewed by the Stratum Basale (repeated question)
What role do sweat ducts play in fingerprint formation?
a) They create the ridge patterns
b) They excrete sweat, making prints visible
c) They help in skin regeneration
d) They store oil for fingerprint clarity
Answer: b) They excrete sweat, making prints visible
Which case was the first in the United States to recognize a conviction based on fingerprint evidence?
a) People vs. Coral
b) State vs. Cerciello
c) People vs. Jennings
d) State vs. Conners
Answer: c) People vs. Jennings
Why is Edmond Locard considered the Father of Podoscopy and Poroscopy?
a) He introduced the use of foot ridge patterns and pore structure in personal identification
b) He developed a DNA-based identification system
c) He invented fingerprint dusting techniques
d) He was the first to use footprints in forensic anthropology
Answer: a) He introduced the use of foot ridge patterns and pore structure in personal identification
Who was the first person to use fingerprints in Bengal, India, for preventing fraud and impersonation?
a) Juan Vucetich
b) Sir William J. Herschel
c) Nehemiah Grew
d) J.C.A. Mayer
Answer: b) Sir William J. Herschel
The Stratum Corneum is composed of:
a) Dead skin cells
b) Sweat glands
c) Living epidermal cells
d) Connective tissues
Answer: a) Dead skin cells
Who was the first Filipino fingerprint technician employed by the Philippine Constabulary in 1937?
a) Generoso Reyes
b) Flaviano C. Guerrero
c) Thomas Dugan
d) Asa N. Darby
Answer: b) Flaviano C. Guerrero
In which Philippine case did the court uphold fingerprint evidence based on eight identical ridge points?
a) People vs. Coral
b) Bilangawa vs. Amador
c) People vs. Medina
d) State vs. Conners
Answer: b) Bilangawa vs. Amador
If a person's Stratum Spinosum is damaged, what will likely happen?
a) Their fingerprints will disappear permanently
b) Their friction ridges will fade but regenerate
c) Their sweat pores will stop producing sweat
d) They will no longer have furrows
Answer: b) Their friction ridges will fade but regenerate
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