1. Population Distribution
Q: What was the global population in 1650, 2024, and 2080?
A:
1650: 500 million
2024: 8.1 billion
2080: 10.4 billion
Q: How fast is the global population growing?
A:
65 million/year
180,000/day
125/minute
2.1/second
Q: Where is population growth mainly happening?
A: Mostly in the Global South (Africa, Asia, Latin America).
Q: What are the population trends for Africa and Europe?
A:
Q: Why is population unevenly distributed?
A: Due to climate, altitude, jobs, and infrastructure. Most people live in the Northern Hemisphere and below 500 meters altitude.
2. Population Density
Q: What is population density?
A: Number of people per square kilometer (people/km²).
Q: What is the population density of Austria?
A: 9.1 million people ÷ 83,884 km² = 108 people/km².
Q: Which continent has the largest population?
A: Asia with 4.7 billion people (59% of the world).
Q: What are the three most populous countries in 2023?
A:
India: 1.43 billion
China: 1.41 billion
USA: 330 million
3. Urbanization and Megacities
Q: What is a megacity?
A: A city with over 10 million people (e.g., Tokyo, New York, São Paulo).
Q: Where are most megacities located?
A: Most are in Asia.
Q: What is suburbanization?
A: Cities spreading into rural areas.
Q: Why do people move to cities?
A:
Push factors: Poverty, unemployment, poor living conditions in rural areas.
Pull factors: Better jobs, education, and healthcare in cities.
4. Migration
Q: What are the types of migration?
A:
Immigration: Moving into a country.
Emigration: Leaving a country.
Internal migration: Moving within a country.
Q: Why do people migrate?
A:
Push factors: Poverty, war, unemployment, poor healthcare.
Pull factors: Jobs, peace, stability, better healthcare.
Q: What are the consequences of migration?
A: Multiculturalism, integration, and assimilation.
Q: What is brain drain?
A: Skilled workers (e.g., doctors, scientists) leaving a country.
Q: What is brain gain?
A: Attracting skilled workers to a country.
5. Demographic Transition
Q: What are the 5 phases of demographic transition?
A:
Pre-transition: High birth and death rates (farming societies).
Early transition: Death rates drop, birth rates stay high (early industry).
Mid-transition: Birth rates drop, population stabilizes (industrial societies).
Late transition: Low birth and death rates (industrial to service societies).
Post-transition: Very low birth and death rates (service societies).
Q: What are the social issues in aging populations?
A: Not enough young people to support pensions.
Q: What are the social issues in youth-heavy populations?
A: Too many children, strain on schools and jobs.
6. Population Growth
Q: Why does population growth happen?
A:
Q: What is the population formula?
A: Population = Births + Immigration - Deaths - Emigration.
7. Age Pyramids
Q: What are the three shapes of age pyramids?
A:
Pyramid: High birth and death rates (developing countries).
Bell: Moderate birth and death rates (transitioning countries).
Urn: Low birth and death rates (rich countries).
Q: What are the problems with a pyramid-shaped age pyramid?
A: Too many children, not enough schools or jobs.
Q: What are the problems with an urn-shaped age pyramid?
A: Aging population, not enough workers.
8. The World as a Village (2023)
Q: If the world were 100 people, how many would be from Asia?
A: 59 from Asia.
Q: How many children under 15 would there be in the "world village"?
A: 25 children under 15.
Q: What is the average fertility rate in the "world village"?
A: 2.2 children per woman.
Q: What will the "world village" look like in 2050?
A: 122 people: 67 from Asia, 31 from Africa, 9 from Europe, 9 from Latin America, 5 from North America, 1 from Oceania.
Key Terms
Q: What is ecumene?
A: Places where people live or work.
Q: What is anoecumene?
A: Empty or unused areas.
Q: What is semi-ecumene?
A: Transitional areas (e.g., mountain pastures).
Knowt
Note
Studied by 3 people
