Dietary and Fat

A high intake of fat by humans, notably saturated fats, is a contributory factor in heart disease.

It raises the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level, which increases the incidence of atheromas in coronary arteries (and in other arteries).

This leads to blockages and eventually, heart disease.

The table summarises the impacts of different types of dietary fat on human health.

POLYUNSATURATED FAT	MONOUNSATURATED FAT
An essential fat that we must get from food because our bodies cannot produce it. It lowers LDL (bad cholesterol). Found in: most cooking oils, pumpkin seeds, pine nuts, sesame seeds, fatty fish. Also known as: omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.	Considered a healthy fat: it lowers LDL (bad cholesterol) and maintains HDL (good cholesterol). Found in: olive oil, avocado and avocado oil, most nuts and nut butters.
SATURATED FAT	TRANS FAT
Increases total cholesterol and LDL (bad cholesterol). Best to consume in moderation. Found in: red meat, whole milk, cheese, coconut, butter, processed meat, many baked goods, and deep fried foods.	A by-product of processing healthier fats to give them a longer shelf life. Raises your LDL (bad cholesterol) and lowers your HDL (good cholesterol). Intake should be limited. Also known as: partially hydrogenated oil