The skeleton has 206 bones in an adult
Babies have 270 which fuse for this result
The skeleton is divided into two main zones:
axial skeleton (bones)
topped by the skull
appendicular bones
Your brain is in the cranium
acts as a hull
The mandible or jawbone
able to expand
useful for talking
The ossicles are small bones found inside your ear
Bones that help you hear:
Maleus
Incus
Stapes
Sound waves are amplified by these three bones
then move to the cochlea
discerns the tones
The ribcage
helps to protect:
lungs
heart
Ribs
12 ribs on each side
the sternum
in the front
Your vertebral column
made up of vertebrae
Are stacked up very neatly in a vertical array

consists of:
(encephalon - brain)
The cervical vertebrae
make up your neck
7
The ribs are supported by thoracic vertebrae
12
The spinal cord
keeps your reflexes on deck
goes through the cervical, thoracic, and a bit of the lumbar vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
at the end of the spinal cord pathway
5
Five sacral vertebrae are fused to form your sacrum
includes:
cauda
equina
filum
terminale
Which holds your upper body and is found in your bum
5, fused
Below it is the coccyx (the tailbone)
4, fused
In humans the coccyx has not really grown
The appendicular skeleton
has 126 bones
In shoulders, arms and legs
Your scapula (shoulder blade)
Next to the clavicle (collarbone) is laid
You have three arm bones
one above and two below
Here they come together to meet at the elbow
The bones of the forearm:
the ulna
on top
the radius
on bottom
The humerus
the upper arm
You have 54 bones in one hand and one wrist
consist of:
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges
consist of:
proximal
intermediate
distal
Make up your fingers which you can move with ease
hands
where you find the carpals/metacarpals
feet
where you will find all your tarsals/metatarsals
The hip bone can be divided into three
ilium
ischium
pubis
The bones in your leg
there are four:
The patella
kneecap
The tibia and fibula
found below the knee
the femur
found above it
There are 52 (26 x 2) bones in your ankles and your feet
the feet bones:
Tarsals
metatarsals
Phalanges
Proximal
intermediate
Distal

Introduction to the Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Skeletal System

The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals (phosphorus, magnesium). The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body. The skeletal system also provides attachment points for muscles to allow movements at the joints. New blood cells are produced by the red bone marrow inside of our bones. Bones act as the body’s warehouse for calcium, iron, and energy in the form of fat. Finally, the skeleton grows throughout childhood and provides a framework for the rest of the body to grow along with it.

The skeletal system of the human body consists of 206 bones. The skeleton makes up about 30-40% of an adult’s body mass. The skeleton’s mass is made up of a non living bone matrix and many tiny bone cells. Roughly half of the bone matrix’s mass is water while the other half is collagen protein and solid crystals of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate.

Bone is covered with a living membrane called the periosteum, which contains bone forming cells called osteoblasts. During embryonic development (in the womb), the skeletal framework is composed of cartilage and membranes. The osteoblasts replace the cartilage and membranes with bony tissue.
These bones are arranged into two major divisions: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton runs along the body’s midline axis and is made up of 80 bones in the following regions:
Skull
Hyoid
Auditory ossicles
Ribs
Sternum
Vertebral column
The appendicular skeleton is made up of 126 bones in the following regions:
Upper limbs
Lower limbs
Pelvic girdle
Pectoral (shoulder) girdle
26 vertebrae form the vertebral column of the human body. They are named by region:
1- Cervical (neck) - 7 vertebrae
2- Thoracic (chest) - 12 vertebrae
3- Lumbar (lower back) - 5 vertebrae
4- Sacrum - 1 vertebra
5- Coccyx (tailbone) - 1 vertebra
With the exception of the singular sacrum and coccyx, each vertebra is named for the first letter of its region and its position along the superior-inferior axis. For example, the most superior thoracic vertebra is called T1 and the most inferior is called T12.
Living bone cells are found on the edges of bones and in small cavities inside of the bone matrix. Although these cells make up very little of the total bone mass, they have several very important roles in the functions of the skeletal system. The bone cells allow bones to:
Grow and develop
Be repaired following an injury or daily wear
Be broken down to release their stored minerals.
calcium eaten regurarly to provide help for bones and heart
The skeletal system’s main function is to provide support for the body. For example, the spinal column provides support for the head and torso. The legs, on the other hand, support and bear the weight of the upper body while a person stands.
But the skeletal system has several additional functions, including:

Ex. ribcage protects soft organs
Protecting internal organs from injury. For example, the skull protects the brain, while the thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs.
Allowing for movement. Muscles attach to bones through tendons. This connection allows the body to move in many different ways.
Producing blood cells. The soft, red, bone marrow inside of many bones produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Storing minerals and nutrients. Bones can store and release minerals, including calcium and phosphorus, which are important for many bodily functions. Additionally, soft, yellow bone marrow also known as adipose (fat) tissue that can be used as energy can be found in this part of the bone marrow.

these bones give your body structure
protect your internal organs let you move and much more
the adult human body has 206 bones and
an infant has 300 bones this has become some smaller bones combined together and thus form bigger bones
skull
it carries our brain and also supports our face it protects the brain from knocks and bumps
we have a very small bone in our ears
stirrup it is a smallest bone of our body
about 2.5 to 3.3 millimeters only
these are called the clavicle are
shoulder bones or collarbone
there are two clavicles one on the right and one on the left
it is the only long bone in the body that lies horizontally
it's a sternum a long flat bone oh did you notice it's shaped like a necktie
it's located in the center of our chest and this cage-like thing is our rib cage
our heart and lungs are behind these bones so you can say rib cage is the curved wall of ribs that surrounds and protects our heart and lungs
this bone in the hand is called the humerus the long bone of the upper arm extending from the shoulder to the Elbow
there are two more long bones in our hands radius and ulna they form the lower arm and these bones in the Palms ah these over here are called the carpels metacarpals and phalanges
now let's see the back of this look it's not a single bone it is built of 33 small bones called vertebrates and this whole structure is known as the spine the spine helps you twist and bend also it holds our body upright
now look at this see this is the pelvic girdle it protects the bladder and uterus
the longest and strongest bone in our body is the femur and these two bones in the lower leg are fibula and tibia
a broken femur is life-threatening
these over here are the tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges
human bone is made of collagen mostly it is a protein that is woven into a flexible framework
it also contains Calcium Carbonate
calcium phosphate and minerals that add
strength and Harden the frame the
combination of collagen and calcium
gives the bone its flexibility and strength
we should do exercise running dancing jumping and we should play Outdoor Sports it makes our bones strong you know if your body doesn't have enough calcium it will take it from your bones making your bones weaker good reason to drink milk protect those skull bones by wearing a good helmet for bike riding skating and other sports