The Bill of Rights

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1st Amendment

• Freedom of Religion

• Freedom of Assemble (peacefully)

• Freedom of Press

• Freedom of Petition

• Freedom of Speech

  • Limitations of Speech:

  • Liable - printed version of defamation

  • Defamation - lie that has harmed a business/life

2nd Amendment

Right to bear arms.

3rd Amendment

Right not to quarter soldiers in your home.

4th Amendment

Freedom from unreasonable search and seizure.

5th Amendment

• indictment by a grand jury:

• no double jeopardy: a person cannot be tried twice for the same crime

• right to remain silent (no self incrimination ): a person does not have to testify against themselves

• due process of law must be followed for everyone

• eminent domain: the government has the right to take private property, usually land, for public use

6th Amendment

• guarantees a trial by jury

• guarantees a public and fair & speedy trial

• the accused must be told the exact charge against them

• the accused have the right to hear and question all charges against them and call witnesses in their own defense

• right to a attorney

7th Amendment

right to a fair trial in civil cases where the amount is more than $20 .

8th Amendment

• no excessive bail ( a sum of money used as a security deposit; if the person shows up to court the bail money is returned to them; if the person does not show up for court their money is not returned.)

• no cruel  and unusual punishment.

9th Amendment

all people/states have rights beyond what is written in the constitution.  Example: privacy

10th Amendment

any power not given to the national government is reserved for the states or the people. (concurrent  powers)

11th: A person cannot be sued/prosecuted by a citizen of another state (or another country)

12th:  The President  and Vice President will be elected on separate ballots

13th: Abolishes (forbids) slavery

14th: All people naturalized or born in the United States are citizens of this country.

• States cannot deprive  citizens of life, liberty, and property

• States must uphold due process

15th: Right to suffrage cannot be denied because of Race, Color, nor Previous Status of  Servitude (former slaves have the right to vote)

16th: Authorizes income tax

17th: Senators are elected directly by the voters in each state

18th: Outlawed the making, selling, transporting, and exporting of alcoholic beverages. (prohibition)

19th:   - No person should be denied the right to vote based on their sex

- Women’s suffrage (women’s right to vote)

20th: - The President’s term begins on Jan. 20

-  Congress begins their term on Jan. 3

- This Amendment is sometimes called the “Lame Duck ” amendment because a person defeated (the lame duck) now remains the President less time after his/her defeat. (It used to be March 4th!)

21st: Repealed (canceled) the 18th Amendment

22nd: A president can only serve for 2 terms

23rd: District of Columbia is given 3 electoral votes (the same as the least populous state)

24th: Prohibits federal and state governments from requiring that people pay to vote (poll tax).

25th: If the President is removed either by death or resignation , the Vice President shall become President.

26th:  Voting age set at 18 years old.

**27th: **Limits congressional pay raises