Copy of Baroque architecture April 10, 2024

Baroque architecture April 10, 2024

170 Lecture 01 notes

- Francesco di Giorgio Martini, anthropomorphic

- Architectural Drawings, made in northern Italy, 4^th quarter of 15^th century

- Giulio Romano, Palazzo del Te, Mantua, 1524-34

- Landshut (Germany), City Palace, Begun 1536

- Sebastiano Serlio- the five column orders, From book 4 (Venice, 1537)

- Doric order as Hercules (left), and ionic order as Juno (right), both from John Shute, The First and Chief Groundes of Architecture(London, 1563)

- Pantheon(Rome, built from ca 117 AD), from Sebastiano Serlio, book 3, on antiquities (Venice, 1540)

- St Peter’s basilica, from Sebastiano Serlio, book 3, on antiquities(venice, 1540)

170 lecture 02 notes

- Marcus Aurelius, ca 170 AD, Capitoline Hill, Rome

- Capitoline hill, Rome, Designed by Michelangelo ca 1538

- Michelangelo, conservator’s palace, campidoglio, rome, planned from ca 1538 ( with ancient statue of Marcus Aurelius)

- Michelangelo, senators’ palace, campidoglio, rome, planned from ca 1538

- Michelangelo’s project for st peter’s, rome, 1546-64

- Andrea palladio, villa emo, Veneto( venetian mainland), 1560s

- Interior of Villa Emo, Frescoes by Battista Zelotti, ca 1570

- Villa emo- woodcut print, from Andrea Palladio, four books on architecture, Venice, 1570

170 lecture 03 notes

- Antonio Averlino, Called Filarete, Ideal City of Sforzinda From the Trattato, ca 1465

- Francesco di Giorgio Martini Ideal City, ca 1470s-90s

- Antoine lafrery, the seven churches of rome, rome, 1575

- The urbanism projects of sixtus V in Rome, 1585-90

- Gian Francesco bordini, Map of Rome, from de rebus praeclaris gestis a Sixto V P.M. 1588

- Santa maria Maggiore, rome, probably begin early 5^th century AD, exterior reworked 18^th century by Ferdinando Fuga

- Domenico Fontana, Moses Fountain, Rome, 1587

- Carlo Maderno, sta susanna, rome, 1597-1603

- St. Peter’s, Rome, façade by Carlo Maderno 1607-1612

AHS 170 Video Lecture 02 Notes

Two protagonists of the day

- Michelangelo Buonarotti- 1475-1564

- Andrea Palladio- 1508- 1580

- Michelangelo was a painter and a sculpter but he was also a major architect

- Andrea palladio was just as significant as micheangelo and maybe more so

- Same mathemathical basis covered mainly the aarchitecture culture and the human body

- In some books we don’t see human figures but we see the same mathematical project

- Some figures were already demanded the complete understanding of the human body which made them qualify for architectural work

- Most architects were painters and sculpters first

- Only one was a builder

- Most renassiance buildings were much smaller than st. peter’s

- Michelangelo had the same background as raphael

- Got more famous after his Sistine building

- Micheangelo and burmante hated eachother so when he died the project went to raphael

- In the 1520s Michelangelo had built some things in Florence where he was from

- Few days travel by boat or train

- Became the official residence of the dukes ( piazza della signoria )

- A big piazza was a very standard part of their cities

- Each year theres a horse race around a certain piazza

- Medieval and century rome didn’t have a big square or piazza like this

- When the map was made in 1738 , most of it was farmland

- Due to one of the water aqueducts still bringing in water

- It had something in the center between the colosseum which was the major forum

- In ancient roman forum they had cows growing so it was called the field of cows due to farmers bringing their cows to graze throw the city

- Just above the forum was the back of the Capitoline hill

- When it rained the Capitoline hill became muddy and hard to climb

- Rome had 2 governmental bodies, the Vatican and one of their cities with duchess

- No one did anything abt the Capitoline hill until the roman emperor did

- Holy roman emperor Charles the fifth

- Saw himself as the direct heir due to him being related to Julius the second

- Charles had to go around the Capitoline hill which made the pope ( paul the third) embarrassed

- All started w/ the statue of marcus aurelius

- Around 1538 Michelangelo was asked to make the base of the certain statue

- Placement of the statue within the square & the shape of the base itself

- Fit perfectly in the piazza

- Two were conceived together

- Both were one larger idea

- The two buildings already had a set relationship to eachother

- Angles in towards the right

- Put a lot of restrictions on the design of the square as a whole

- Buildings we dilapidated structures

- Michelangelo had to work around them and make something coherent

- Michelangelo made more facades than anything else

- Those facades belonged more to the square than to themselves

- Those facades exist to frame the square

- One building he designed from scratch

- Never got around to building the new piazza until decades after michelangelo passed away

- Pope paul the third had stole a statue from someone else

- Ppl thought the statue of marcus aurelius represented constintine

- Neither paul or micheangelo were concerned about it

- Lots of other ancient statues were brought to the square as well

- One represents the tigris river in asia

- A statue of an ancient mother wolf had been placed in the emperors palace

- Two twins had been abandoned by their mother and the wolf took care of them

- Children weren’t under the statue at first they were added later

- Herculeus’s statue was also added

- In the 18^th century the statues were brought to a museum

- michelangelos scheme was to pretty much make the space new and make sure that people were able to get through it even if it rained

- romans saw rome as the center of their universe

- serlio assumes that columns would always be matched to the stories of the buildings

- Sangallo had never been a painter he was a builder

- Palladio also published books on architecture

- Devoted to column orders and presenting their own buildings

- In portico – villa emo, everything is a painting

- Buildings are cheap, made mostly of brick and stucko and then painted over

- Palladios buildings are more economical

- Stucko is a cheap plastic coating smeared on a brick

April 11^th 2024

- Antoine lafrery, the seven churches of rome, 1575

- Sta maria Maggiore

- St john lateran ( with lateran palace, built by Domenico fontana 1586-90)

- Lines up with the streets and not with the buildings

- Gian Francesco bordini- rome as a star- shaped city, from de rebus praeclaris gestis a sixto v p.m.

- Pietro da cortona, self portrait

- Came from a family of brick layers

- Pietro da cortona, miracle of the Madonna della vallicella, sta maria in vallicella, rome, 1660s

- Cortone, gallery of the pamaphilli palace, rome, 1651-4

- Pietro de cortona, divine providence, fresco in the salone of the palazzo baberini, rome, 1632-39

- Palladio- reconstruction of the temple of fortune, Palestrina, 1560s

- No normal human being can afford to build st peters

- Below: palladio, reconstruction of the temple of fortune at Palestrina, 1560s

- Bottom: cortona, reconstruction of the temple of fortune at Palestrina, c 1630

- Right : palladio, villa rotunda, Vicenza begun ca 1566

- Below: palladio- reconstruction of the temple of fortune, Palestrina, 1560s

- 4 equal fronts

- No matter where you stand you get a nice view of it

- Below : cortona, reconstruction of the temple of fortune at Palestrina, c 1630

- Pope urban the 8^th’s family built the palace and had the temple in Palestrina

- Left : cortona, mt athos, 1650s-60s

- Below: cortona, reconstruction of the temple of fortune at Palestrina, c 1630

- Pope alexander

- Left : cortona, villa de pigneto sacchetti, rome, 1630s-40s(?), in a print by Alessandro specchi, 1699

- Cortona, reconstruction of the temple of fortune at Palestrina, c 1630

- Probably built after cortona made his reconstruction drawings

- Right : Bramante, Vatican belvedere, rome, begun 1505

- Below: cortona, villa del pigneto sacchetti, rome, 1630s-40s(?), print by Alessandro specchi, 1699

- Cortona, plan of villa del pigneto sacchetti, rome, 1630s-40s(?), drawn by pier leon chezzi, 1735. ( cortona built this )

- Palladio, plan of villa angarono near Vicenza, mid 16^th century from palladio, four books, 1570

- Cortona, interior

- Andrea

- Cortona, portrait of marchese marcello Sacchetti, rome, ca 1626

- “otium et negotium”

- Otium = relaxation rest

- Negotium= negotiate

- Villa- a country house, not in the city

19^th century started taking down city walls

Country is where you go to relax

Ruins of the nymphaeum of the villa del pigneto. Photo 2001

Starting falling apart in the 18^th century

Pietro da cortona, sta maria della pace, rome, 1656-7 ( pete of the cortona, saint mary of the peace)

New façade with a much more festive look

First of alexanders show pieces in the city of rome

Giorgio vasi, sta maria della pace, 18^th- century print

Ppl would arrive by walking or horse & carriage

Traffic is a little bit bad

Project for sta maria della pace, ca 1655/56

Made church look bigger than it actually is

Set up like a false façade

Unifies it makes the church look better and grander

Two churches are back to back

The piazza del popolo, rome, reworked by alexander VII and carlo rainaldi 1657-1661, churches of sta maria di montesanto and sta

Johannes lingelbach, the piazza del popolo, ca 1640

Carlo rainaldi, two porjects for the piazza del popolo, ca 1661

One church is a circular dome and the other is an oval dome

Site line from front makes them seem kinda semetrical