1. Colombian Period (1491-1607)

Key Concept 1.

Native American tribes are incredibly diverse and advanced.

• Incas: Peruvian, highly advanced

• Aztecs: Mexicans, very advanced math and writing systems.

• Cahokians: Mississippi, known for their settlements/mounds near St. Louis

• Maize (corn) is a valuable crop across the Americas.

Key Concept 2.

The 3 G’s are glory, God, and gold. These are the reasons that Europeans travel to the Americas.

• God: Spreading Christianity to the Natives in order to “civilize” them.

• Glory: Spreading empires

• Gold: Riches in the Americas

• Colombian Exchange: Trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Disease, horses, and slaves to the “new world.” Maize, other crops, and gold to the “old world.”

2. Colonial Period (1607-1754)

Key Concept 1.

English colonies were very diverse within religion, economy, and landscape. But not without conflicts.

• Jamestown: First English settlement in North America

• New England: Shipbuilding, some cities

• Mid-Atlantic: Farmers, fishermen, merchants

• South: Agriculture, little cities or schools

• Virginia’s economy was saved by tobacco

• Maryland was a refuge for Catholics, they kept fighting with Protestants

• Rhode Island was very radical with freedom of religion

• Pennsylvania had squatters and Quakers

• Bacon’s Rebellion: Nathaniel Bacon (indentured servant) lead rebellion upset with lack of land promised. Killed lots of Natives

Key Concept 2.

European Ideas spread throughout the colonies.

• Great Awakening: Religious revival