Untitled Flashcards Set

Q: What is the difference between sex and gender?
A: Sex refers to biological differences, while gender is a social and cultural construct.

Q: What did Simone de Beauvoir mean by “One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman”?
A: Gender is shaped by society rather than being an inherent trait.

Q: What are traditional gender roles?
A: Social expectations that dictate how men and women should behave, such as women as caretakers and men as breadwinners.

Q: How do traditional gender roles lead to stereotyping?
A: They reinforce expectations that limit individuals' choices and opportunities based on gender.

Q: What is aspirational labor?
A: Unpaid or underpaid work done with the hope of future success, often seen in social media self-branding.

Q: How does aspirational labor relate to gender and SES?
A: Women and lower socioeconomic groups are often expected to perform unpaid labor for exposure.

Q: What is the traditional role of motherhood in media?
A: Mothers are depicted as housewives, supermoms, and caregivers responsible for everyone in the family.

Q: What is the "third shift" for mothers?
A: The pressure to regain their pre-pregnancy body while handling work and childcare responsibilities.

Q: How does fatherhood differ from motherhood in media representations?
A: Fathers are shown as breadwinners, disciplinarians, or physically active figures in contrast to nurturing mothers.

Week 4: Theoretical Approaches

Q: What is a theory?
A: A tool to describe, explain, and predict relationships among social phenomena.

Q: What are the four broad types of gender theories?
A: Biological, interpersonal, cultural, and critical theories.

Q: What does biological theory say about gender?
A: Gender behavior is influenced by chromosomes and biological factors.

Q: What is social constructionism?
A: The idea that gender norms and roles are created and maintained by society.

Q: What is the role of social comparison in gender development?
A: People learn and evaluate their gender roles by comparing themselves to others.

Q: What did Alfred Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment demonstrate?
A: Children learn behaviors, including aggression, through social observation.

Q: What is gender role stress/conflict?
A: The psychological strain caused by rigid gender expectations.

Q: How does body shape and size relate to gender norms?
A: Thinness is often idealized, while certain body types are shamed or sexualized.

Q: What is cultural studies' perspective on media and gender?
A: Media shapes and reflects societal norms, influencing gender representations.

Q: What is pariah femininity?
A: A form of femininity that defies social norms, often leading to marginalization.

Q: What is toxic masculinity?
A: Cultural norms that define masculinity in ways that promote dominance and suppress emotions.

Q: Why are personal pronouns important in gender discussions?
A: They respect gender identity and avoid reinforcing binary gender norms.

Q: How do organizations contribute to gender oppression?
A: Workplace policies, hiring practices, and corporate culture can reinforce discrimination.

Q: What is the "invisible knapsack" concept?
A: A metaphor for unearned privileges, particularly White privilege.

Q: What is social homophily?
A: The tendency for people to associate with similar individuals, reinforcing societal privilege.

Week 5: Culture & Ethnicity/Race

Q: What does bell hooks’ "center-margins" concept refer to?
A: The idea that marginalized groups are part of society but exist outside dominant power structures.

Q: How does ESG relate to social responsibility?
A: It emphasizes environmental, social, and governance factors in corporate ethics.

Q: What are some criticisms of ESG initiatives?
A: Greenwashing, lack of authenticity, and continued economic disparity.

Q: What is the impact of colonization on modern organizations?
A: Colonial histories influence ongoing discrimination and systemic inequalities.

Q: What is the relationship between the environmental justice movement and DEI?
A: Both challenge systemic inequalities and promote fair treatment for marginalized communities.

Q: How does media portray Asian-American men?
A: They are often depicted as "model minorities" or as fresh-off-the-boat immigrants.

Q: What are common Asian stereotypes in media?
A: The "Oriental" label, nerdy or martial arts-focused portrayals, and submissive characteristics.

Q: What is the debate over Native American mascots?
A: Some see them as cultural pride, while others argue they are racist stereotypes.

Q: What is the significance of "passing" for White in racial history?
A: It reflects the pressures of racial identity and societal discrimination.

Q: What was the "Black is Beautiful" movement?
A: A 1960s movement that promoted self-acceptance and rejected Eurocentric beauty standards.

Q: How does intersectionality relate to ethnicity and gender?
A: It highlights how overlapping identities create unique experiences of discrimination.