Quarter-2-Week-6-Music.pptx

Lesson Overview

• Focus on the Music of East Asia.

Development of East Asian Music

Pentatonic Tonal System

• Originated from Chinese mythology.

• Founder: Ling Lun, created a system of music using bamboo pipes tuned to bird sounds (e.g., phoenix).

• Ancient Chinese five-tone scale:

  • Notes: Gong, Shang, Jue, Zhi, Yu

  • Western Equivalent: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 (Do, Re, Mi, So, La)

Concept of "Correct" Music

• According to Zhou philosophy, music should relate to the five elements of nature for harmony.

• By the 7th century BC, a system of pitch and the pentatonic scale emerged based on cycle-of-fifths theory.

Types of Traditional East Asian Music

Japan

• Characteristics: Meditative and ritualized performance.

• Themes: Religious festivals, work, dance, love, regional songs.

Scales in Japanese Music

1. Yo-Sen Scale: Male scale, bright-sounding, used in Gagaku and folk songs.

2. In-Sen Scale: Female scale, includes minor notes used in Koto and Shamisen.

Types of Traditional Japanese Music

• Kagura: Shinto music.

• Shomyo: Buddhist chanting.

• Hogaku: Authentic Japanese music.

• Gagaku: Oldest surviving court music.

• Naga-Uta: Long songs.

• Ko-Uta: Short folk songs (a cappella).

Notable Traditional Japanese Folk Songs

• Sakura: Depicts spring and the season of cherry blossoms.

"Sakura" Lyrics Overview

• Celebrates cherry blossoms with imagery of springtime beauty.

China

• Characteristics: Not meant for dancing; promotes social tranquility.

• Confucian Influence: Music should regulate behavior in rituals.

• Rhythmic Features: Smoothly continuous without sharp breaks, often accelerating to a final cadence.

Types of Traditional Chinese Music

1. Opera Music: Theatrical performances.

2. Ensemble/Orchestra Music: For cultured audiences.

3. Solo Instrumental Performance: Individual artistry.

Notable Chinese Folk Songs

• Mo Li Hua (Jasmine Flower): Composed during the Qing dynasty, illustrates the purity of young love and beauty of jasmine flowers.

"Mo Li Hua" Lyrics Overview

• Celebrates the beauty and fragrance of jasmine flowers, a symbol of love.

Korea

• Nature of Traditional Korean Music: Broad genres, generally express positivity even in sad themes.

Standard Genres of Korean Music

1. Chong-ak: For the elite.

2. Sog-ak: For common people.

3. Nong-ak: Songs of farmers.

4. Sanjo: Solo instrumental music.

5. Pansori: Vocal performance with percussive accompaniment.

Notable Korean Folk Songs

• Arirang: Unofficial national anthem of Korea; symbolizes farewell and cultural identity.

"Arirang" Lyrics Overview

• Expresses themes of loss and resilience, tied to traditional Korean sentiments.

Summary of Key Terms and Concepts

• Pentatonic Scale: Consists of five tones, foundational in East Asian music.

• Sakura: Japanese folk song about cherry blossoms.

• Mo Li Hua: Chinese folk song about the jasmine flower.

• Arirang: Korean folk song associated with national identity and cultural themes.