Anatomy II: Chapter 22 pt 1

What is the main function of the respiratory system?
a) Pump blood through the body
b) Supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
c) Digest food
d) Regulate body temperature

Which of the following is NOT a process of respiration?
a) Pulmonary ventilation
b) External respiration
c) Oxygenation of blood plasma
d) Internal respiration

What is the correct sequence of air passage in the respiratory system?
a) Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Lungs
b) Larynx → Pharynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Lungs
c) Trachea → Larynx → Pharynx → Lungs
d) Bronchi → Lungs → Trachea → Pharynx

What is another function of the respiratory system besides gas exchange?
a) Olfaction and speech
b) Regulating digestion
c) Filtering blood
d) Storing oxygen

The nose functions to:
a) Provide an airway for respiration
b) Moisten and warm air
c) Filter and clean air
d) All of the above

The small hairs inside the nose that filter air are called:
a) Cilia
b) Vibrissae
c) Alveoli
d) Goblet cells

Which part of the nasal cavity contains smell receptors?
a) Respiratory mucosa
b) Olfactory mucosa
c) Paranasal sinuses
d) Trachea

The nasal conchae serve to:
a) Filter, heat, and moisten air
b) Detect odors
c) Exchange gases
d) Store oxygen

Which structure serves as a passageway for both air and food?
a) Trachea
b) Larynx
c) Pharynx
d) Bronchi

The pharynx is divided into how many regions?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5

The larynx functions to:
a) Provide an open airway
b) Route food and air into proper channels
c) Produce sound
d) All of the above

What is the "guardian of the airways"?
a) Vocal cords
b) Epiglottis
c) Trachea
d) Uvula

Which cartilage forms the Adam’s apple?
a) Cricoid cartilage
b) Arytenoid cartilage
c) Thyroid cartilage
d) Epiglottis

What is the function of the true vocal cords?
a) Assist in swallowing
b) Produce sound
c) Close the airway
d) Filter air

The trachea is also known as the:
a) Windpipe
b) Voice box
c) Esophagus
d) Nasal cavity

What structure keeps the trachea open?
a) Elastic cartilage
b) Smooth muscle
c) C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings
d) Bone

What condition occurs when the trachea's cilia are damaged, often due to smoking?
a) Pneumonia
b) Bronchitis
c) Smoker’s cough
d) Rhinitis

What is the name of the branching system of air passages in the lungs?
a) Pulmonary tree
b) Bronchial tree
c) Respiratory network
d) Alveolar ducts

The smallest airways in the lungs before reaching alveoli are called:
a) Bronchi
b) Bronchioles
c) Alveolar sacs
d) Trachea

What happens to cartilage as airways get smaller?
a) It increases
b) It disappears
c) It turns into bone
d) It thickens

Which part of the lung is the site of gas exchange?
a) Bronchi
b) Bronchioles
c) Alveoli
d) Trachea

The thin structure allowing gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries is called:
a) Respiratory membrane
b) Mucous membrane
c) Tracheal wall
d) Nasal cavity

What type of epithelium lines the alveoli?
a) Simple squamous
b) Stratified squamous
c) Cuboidal
d) Pseudostratified columnar

What do alveolar macrophages do?
a) Secrete surfactant
b) Exchange gases
c) Keep alveoli sterile
d) Produce mucus

Surfactant is produced by:
a) Type I alveolar cells
b) Type II alveolar cells
c) Macrophages
d) Goblet cells

What is the function of surfactant?
a) Increase surface tension
b) Decrease surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse
c) Promote mucus secretion
d) Increase gas exchange

Which part of the lungs has the cardiac notch?
a) Right lung
b) Left lung
c) Both lungs
d) Neither lung

What is the outer membrane covering the lungs?
a) Pleural cavity
b) Parietal pleura
c) Visceral pleura
d) Pericardium

What is pleurisy?
a) Fluid accumulation in alveoli
b) Inflammation of the pleura
c) A collapsed lung
d) Infection in the trachea

Which vessels supply oxygen-rich blood to lung tissue?
a) Pulmonary arteries
b) Pulmonary veins
c) Bronchial arteries
d) Bronchial veins

Which vessels carry oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs?
a) Pulmonary arteries
b) Pulmonary veins
c) Aorta
d) Coronary arteries

What is the function of the diaphragm?
a) Protect the lungs
b) Assist in breathing by contracting and relaxing
c) Produce sound
d) Filter air

The pleural cavity is filled with:
a) Mucus
b) Blood
c) Surfactant
d) Pleural fluid