Psych Midterm Flashcards

Instinct: A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned

drive-reduction theory: The idea that a psychological need creates an arousal state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need

incentive: A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates Behavior

yerkes-dodson law: The principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, Beyond which performance decreases

hierarchy of needs- Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with psychological needs that must first be satisfied before higher level safety needs and then psychological needs to become active

set point- The point at which your weight thermostat may be set. when your body falls below this weight, increased hunger and a lower metabolic rate may combine to restore lost weight

 basal metabolic rate- The body's resting rate of energy output

affiliation need- The need to build relationships and to feel part of a group

James-Lange theory: The theory that are experience of emotions is our awareness of our psychological responses to an emotion arousing stimulus

Cannon-Bard theory: The theory that an emotion arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers psychological responses and the subjective experience of emotion 

two-factor theory- The Shafter singer theory that to experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)- selyes concept of the body's adopted responses to stress in three phases- alarm, resistance, exhaustion

tend-and-befriend response - Under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend)

Type A- Friedman and rosenmann's term for competitive, hard driving, inpatient, verbally aggressive, and anger prone people

Type B- Friedman & rosenmann's term for easy-going, relaxed people

adaptation-level phenomenon- Our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of Lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience

relative deprivation - The perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom One Compares oneself

Abraham Maslow

Alfred Kinsey

William James

Walter Cannon

Stanley Schachter

 Paul Ekman

Hans Selye

Martin Seligman