History chapter 4 and 5

Key terms:

bergerette- Secular love song. Form is related to older virelai but consists of one strophe with ample refrain.

“Caput” Masses- the caput mass was an important composition emulated by other composers creating a 3 generation dynasty.

emulation- imitating a piece but changing it to distinguish it as different. An homage with the intent to surpass.

Eton Choir Book- single surviving volume of British worship music. It was compiled for vesper service at Eton College, uses complex polyphony.

faburden- English technique of harmonizing chant by sight. The chant is thought of as the middle voice.

fauxbourdon- fifths are added to octaves and thirds are added to sixths (avoids fifths). The chant is thought of as the cantus.

la contenance angloise- “the English guise” heavy use of parallel thirds and sixths

L’Homme armé- sacred mass derived from a secular song

motetti missales- writing cycles of substitute motets for the mass written in Milan.

Old Hall Manuscript- earliest source of polyphonic church music

paraphrase- technique in faubourdon where an old chant is melodically redone and turned into a new cantus.

rota, round- short circular canon at unison or octave

ars perfecta- ‘perfect art’ Glareanus called Josquin de prez’s music ars perfecta because it was perfect

contrafactum- vocal piece where the original text is replaced by a new one

cori spezzati- split choirs, dividing musical forces into distinct groups

Council of Trent-emergency legislative body of the roman catholic church. It was first conceived to restrain the protestant reformation

humanism- study of ancient texts on linguistics and rhetoric that informed the renaissance.

imitation Mass- a mass that imitates/ borrows motifs from a different piece of music.

metrical psalm- psalm translated into a rhyming verse in the vernacular composed and sung as a hymn

point of imitation- motif that is repeated in many voices throughout a piece

ricercare- term for rhapsodic lute preludes, became a contrapuntal instrumental genre based on ars perfecta

soggetto cavato dalle vocali- “a subject carved out of the words”, pre compositional technique of Josquin, solemnization syllables were put onto names to create a cantus firmus

stile antico- “Old style” compositions in the style of Palestrina and acceptable to the Council of Trent

stile moderno- music written after 16000 in a modern style

Listening portion:

#36 quam pulchra es- Dunstable,-

#46 Josquin De Prez- Ave Maria...Virgo serena,-

#49 Benedicta es, Per illud ave- willaert,-

#50a- missa papae marcelli-kyrie-palestrina,-

50b- missa papae marcelli-Gloria-palestrina-

50c- missa papae marcelli-credo-palestrina-

#52b- mass in 5 parts- bird-

True/false summaries

Essay question- CH5, #7- What circumstances gave birth to the myth that Palestrina saved church music? Why do you think people were drawn to this legend in the centuries after Palestrina’s death?