3.12 Movement in the Early Republic

10/21/21

Learning Objective: Explain how and why migration and immigration to and within North America caused competition and conflicts over time.

Theme Focus: Migration and Settlement

Native Americans

• Sought to limit migration of white settlers

• Kept moving onto native territories

• Destroying tribal conditions

• Wanted to maintain control of their native lands

• Changed alliances with the US, Europeans, and other tribes

• Alliances with Great Britain in particular caused issues between the US and Britain

• US thought that the natives were “their problem, not Britians”

Migrants

• Increasing numbers of migrants moved westward

• Frontier culture fueled social, political, and ethnic tensions

• How to try and control people out west

Expansion of Slavery

• Growth of slavery in the deep South and adjacent western lands

• Rising antislavery movement

• Mostly in the north

• Some argued for moral and some argued for economic reasons against slavery

• Distinctive regional differences about slavery

• South is in full support of slavery

• In the north there was less support

Immigrants

• Federalists anti-immigrant policies

• Alien Laws: gave the president the power to deport immigrants

• Sedition Act: limited freedom of speech; anyone who spoke out against the government could be imprisoned or penalized

• This is why anti-federalists wanted freedom of speech in the Bill of Rights

• 10 newspaper editors where convited of speaking out against the government

In Response

• Jefferson: Kentucky Resolution

• Madison: Virginia Resolution

• Both (many democratic-republicans did) spoke out against the Alien and Sedations acts

• Both said that by adding on the bill of rights, the state has entered into a contract with the federal government

• Compact Theory

• Nullification

• Because these aren’t constitutional, the states do not have to follow the laws

• Not endorsed by a lot of the other states

• Nullinvoid (not right)

• States’ rights