Untitled Flashcards Set

Citizenship: the position or status of being a citizen of a particular country.

● Apathy: lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.

● Empathy: the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

● Passive bystander:

● Civil rights movement: Was from 1954 to 1968 and it is a term that encompasses the

strategies, groups, and social movements which accomplished its goal of ending legalized

racial segregation and discrimination laws in the United States and secured the legal

recognition and federal protection of the citizenship rights enumerated in the United States

Constitution and federal law.

● Passive resistance: nonviolent opposition to authority, especially a refusal to cooperate with

legal requirements.

● Civility: formal politeness and courtesy in behavior or speech.

● Civil disobedience: is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws of the

state, and/or demands, orders, and commands of a government, or of an occupying

international power.

● Dissent: hold or express opinions that are at variance with those previously, commonly, or

officially expressed.

● Responsible citizen: I have compassion and empathy. To solve social problems and improve

society, I must have good character. I must be an honest, responsible, and law abiding

member of the community.

● Participatory citizen: I have compassion and empathy; courage and action. To solve social

problems and improve society, I must actively participate and take leadership positions

within established systems and community structures.

● Transformative citizens: I have compassion and empathy; courage and action; justice and

momentum. To solve social problems and improve society, I must question and change

established systems and structures when they reproduce patterns of injustice over time.

● Anti-war movements: is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's

decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause.

Also referred to as pacifism.

● Pro-democracy movements: Tiananmen Square

● Humanitarian efforts:

○ Reform: describes systems introduced by the UN in 2005 to improve the

effectiveness, timeliness and predictability of humanitarian response. Funding,

coordination, leadership, partnership and accountability are the interlinked and

mutually reinforcing elements that make up the reform process.

○ Aid: is material and logistic assistance to people who need help. It is usually short-

term help until the long-term help (reforms) by government and other institutions

replaces it. It save lives, reduce suffering and respect to human dignity

● Political participation: voting, running as a candidate, supporting a candidate, demonstrating,

protesting, writing a letter, lobbying editor, contribute money to a cause or organization,

philanthropy: using your time, volunteerism.

● Citizen advocacy: Attend town hall meetings, protest or demonstrate, join an NGO, write

letters to the editor

Unit 2 Ideologies and Me, Key Terms:

● Sources of identity

○ Environment

○ Nature (innate inborn characteristics)

○ Upbringing

○ Experiences

● Ideology: a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or

political theory and policy.

● Four characters of ideology:

○ Vision of the future - how to source would envision the future to be, either positive

or negative.

○ Interpretation of the past- the sources bias and view of how society has been

○ Structure of society- the sources interpretation of their society today,

○ Nature of Man- the ideology which constitutes whether man is inherently good or

evil

● Utopia: imagined community or society that possesses highly desirable or nearly perfect

qualities for its citizens.

● Dystopia: a community or society that is undesirable or frightening.

● Ethics:

○ ethical relativism: the definition of right and wrong is relative depending on the

situation and the interpretation of the person in question. Therefore, nothing is truly

right or wrong as everything is relative

○ moral absolutism: actions are always right or wrong regardless of situation

○ Utilitarian: the correct choice is the one in which the least harm is dealt and the

most benefit is reaped, regardless of morals

● Worldview: a comprehensive conception or apprehension of the world especially from a

specific standpoint

● Individualism (Prices)

○ Private Property

○ Rule of Law

○ Individual Rights and Freedoms

○ Competition

○ Economic Freedom

○ Self-Interest

● Collectivism (Princes)

○ Public Property

○ Responsibility

○ Interest (collective interest)

○ Norms (Adhere to Social Norms)

○ Cooperation

○ Economic equality

○ Security

● Grits vs. Tories: liberals and conservatives respectively

● The colors of each party (Canadian and American)

○ America: red is republican, blue is democrat (right and left respectively)

○ Canada: red is modern liberals, blue is classical liberal

● The political/economic grid

● Democratic socialism: political ideology that advocates political democracy a long side social

ownership of the means of production with an emphasis on self-management or democratic

management of economic institutions within a market socialist or decentralized socialist

planned economy.

● Democratic capitalism: is a political, economic and social ideology that involves the

combination of a democratic political system with a capitalist economic system.

● Communism (dictatorial socialism): a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating

class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person

works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

● Fascism (dictatorial capitalism) - National Socialism - is a form of radical authoritarian

nationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition and

control of industry and commerce that came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe

● Radical: advocating or based on thorough or complete political or social change; representing

or supporting an extreme or progressive section of a political party. Left winged.

● Moderate: Guess

● Status quo: the existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues.

● Reactionary: (of a person or a set of views) opposing political or social liberalization or

reform. Right Winged.

● Egalitarianism: the doctrine that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and

opportunities. Equal opportunity vs. Equal Outcomes.

● Elitism: attitude that individuals who form an elite — a select group of people with a certain

ancestry, intrinsic quality, high intellect, wealth, special skills, or experience — are more

likely to be constructive to society as a whole, and therefore deserve influence or authority

greater than that of others.

● Authoritarianism: the enforcement or advocacy of strict obedience to authority at the

expense of personal freedom.

● Nationalism vs. internationalism

● Liberal

● Conservative

● Anarchists: no government at all - - no control chaos

● Libertarian

● Free market / free enterprise: laissez-faire, no government involvement or regulation. Free

trade vs. fair trade.

● Left vs. rights

● Social conservatism

● Democrats

● Republicans

● Freedom vs. control

● Freedom vs. security

Unit 2 Thinkers

● Machiavelli (Machiavellian) “the ends justify the means”, rulers can lie, and should be

deceitful

● Confucius: ruler should be a father figure

● John Locke:

○ Wrote Two Treatises of Government

○ Tabula Rasa (blank slate, men are born neither good nor evil)

● Rousseau:

○ Wrote The Social Contact

● Thomas Hobbes:

○ Wrote The Leviathan

● Social contract

● Aldous Huxley:

○ Wrote Brave New World

○ Feared

● George Orwell (Orwellian)

● Karl Marx

○ Dialectical materialism (thesis, antithesis, synthesis)

○ End of history

○ Class struggle

○ Proletariat vs. bourgeoisie