THE GREAT COMPROMISE + LOUISIANA PURCHASE + ADAMS ONIS TREATY + 13 COLONIES 

"==The Great Compromise of 1787==, a compromise where both large and small states would be fairly represented by creating two houses of Congress" - https://constitutionus.com/constitution/the-great-compromise/

Currently, 435 members voting representatives of the house - https://www.senate.gov/reference/referenceindexsubjects/HouseofRepresentatives_vrd.htm#:~:text=There are currently 435 votings, Representatives serve 2-year terms.

==Congress is divided into two houses==: the ==House of Representatives== and ==the Senate== - The House of Representatives is the lower house of the United States congress because it has more members than the senate

"California has the highest number of representatives with 53 at a population of 39, 747, 267 - Texas is the second highest with several 36 representatives with a population of 29, 087, 070" - https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/number-of-representatives-by-state

==Jefferson sent James Monroe in 1803 to France to join Robert R. Livingston in an attempt to buy the port of New Orleans== - Monroe and Livingston bought Louisiana from Napoleon for ^^15 million^^ - Napoleon is arrogant and believed he can take over the entire world and buy back Louisiana

After ==Napoleon was defeated in the Battle of Waterloo==, he was exiled to the remote island of ==Saint Helena==, and died at 51 - https://www.history.com/topics/france/napoleon#:~:text=In 1815%2C he briefly returned, where he died at 51.

In the ==100 Day or The War of the Seventh Coalition==, Napoleon returns from 11 months of exile on the island of ==Elba==

==7 Nations== join together to take over Napoleon - Napoleon dies from stomach cancer, believed to be poisoned

==James. K Polk ==(11th president) also referred to as "The Dark Horse President", last strong President until the Civil War, doubled the territory of the United States, acquired a treaty between England and war with Mexico

After the United States won, it decided to split the land into states and did not come together in an orderly fashion

==In 1819, Adams Onis Treaty,== the United States and Spain defined the Western limits on the Louisiana Purchase and Spain surrendered its claim to the Pacific Northwest

All 13 Colonies Rebelled against England

==Tea Act: == A law set in place on May 10, 1773, by the British Parliament, giving all control of the trade and delivery of tea to the East India Tea Company - https://study.com/academy/lesson/tea-act-lesson-for-kids-definition-facts.html

**==Quartering Act: ==**required colonies to house British soldiers in barracks provided by the colonies - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/parliament-passes-the-quartering-act#:~:text=The Quartering Act of 1765, houses of sellers of wine.

==Sugar Act:== a law enacted by Britain to increase British revenues by preventing the smuggling of molasses ( thick, dark brown syrup obtained from raw sugar during the refining process, a version of which is used in baking) into the American colonies and enforcing the collection of higher taxes and duties

**==Townshend Act: ==**a series of laws passes by the British government on the American Colonies in 1767, taxes on imports of paper, paint, lead, glass, tea, etc. https://www.ducksters.com/history/americanrevolution/townshendacts.php#:~:text=The Townshend Acts were a lead%2C glass%2C and tea

==Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, James Madison, John Jay, Samuel Adams, Benjamin Franklin (creates first postal office), George Mason - Founding Fathers + Revolutionaries + Virgins==

Revolutionaries - James Monroe (Fifth President)

John Locke's philosophy: limited government: theory of natural rights argues that governments have obligations to their citizens, have only limited power over their citizens, and can ultimately be overthrown by citizens under certain circumstances

==775 - 1784, American Revolution==: a political revolution that took place in British America

The American Revolution ends with The Treaty of Paris, signed in 1783

THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION AND CONFEDERATION

Articles of Confederation: the written document that established the functions of the national government of the United States after it declared independence from Great Britain = https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/ar/91719.htm#:~:text=The Articles of Confederation served, declared independence from Great Britain.

**==Articles of Confederation: ==**No @@Central Leadership@@ (executive branch), Congress had @@no power to enforce laws@@, Congress had no @@power to tax@@, Congress had no @@power to regulate trade@@, and No national @@court system@@ (judicial branch), @@Changes to the Articles required unanimous votes@@ -

• @@No National Army Forces, No official currency@@

==Philadelphia of 1787==: decide how America was going to be governed, meeting of the Revolutionaries (named in the REVOLUTIONARIES section)

REVOLUTIONARIES meet to revise the existing articles and write the constitution

The Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution because they feared that the new government would be too powerful and threaten individual liberties - https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1175/anti-federalists#:~:text=The Anti-Federalists opposed the, of a bill of right

==Charles A. Bear== - Anti-Federalists argued that the Constitution only protected the founder’s wealth

^^Daniel Shay^^ - Born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, 1747 (might be incorrect) leader of Shays's ^^Rebellion^^ (1768-87) an uprising in opposition to high taxes - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Daniel-Shays#:~:text=Daniel Shays%2C (born%20c.,taxes%20and%20stringent%20economic%20conditions.

^^Shay's Rebellion led Washington and other Nationalists (James Madison, Hamilton, etc) to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia^^

Jefferson has a sexual relationship with @@Sally Hemings@@ and fathered six-seven children

@@Legislative@@@@:@@ Makes Laws (Congress, comprising the House of Representatives and Senate)

@@Executive:@@ Carries out Laws (president, vice president, Cabinet, most federal agencies)

**@@Judicial: @@**Evaluates (form an idea of the amount, number, or value of; assess.) laws (Supreme Court and other courts) - https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-governmentiyy

The President's job is to enforce the laws written by Congress IMPORTANT - https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/our-government/the-executive-branch/

==Legislative: the power of the purses congress decides how much money the president gets==

==Judicial is the strongest out of the 3 branches: Legislative + Executive==

==Federal: President==

==State: Governer==

==Local Municipal: Mayor==

==To be in the Federal levels must be nominated + appointed by the president, this appointed or nomination must be approved by the senate==

Thurgood Marshall: a civil rights lawyer who used the courts to fight Jim Crow and dismantle segregation in the U.S. Marshall was a towering figure who became the nation's first Black United States Supreme Court Justice -

https://naacp.org/find-resources/history-explained/civil-rights-leaders/thurgood-marshal**l**

==There are nine members of the U.S Supreme Court, more powerful than the federal. This is more powerful than federal because this job is a lifetime job, can resin or die==

**==Checks and balances: ==**a system that allows each branch of a government to amend or veto acts of another branch to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power

**==EX:==**President must sign a bill to pass a law (vito); doesn’t mean the law is dead, Congress can override a veto by passing the act by a ^^two-thirds vote^^ in both the ^^House and the Senate^^. (Usually, an act is passed with a simple majority.) This check prevents the President from blocking an act when significant support for it exists.

%%The Judicial%% %%has the final say in federal law:%% law + federal power can tell the president what to do

==Napoleon== was the ruler of @@France@@ during the Louisiana Purchase

Many Quakers settled in the Colony of ==Rhode Island== and Providence Plantations, due to its policy of religious freedom