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Page 1: Nutritional Requirements in Plants

Overview

  • Plants require specific nutrients to grow which can be divided into:

    • Light

    • Carbon Dioxide

    • Water

    • Soil

    • Nutrients

Nutrients

Macronutrients

  • Nitrogen (N)

  • Phosphorus (P)

  • Magnesium (Mg)

  • Calcium (Ca)

Micronutrients

  • Copper (Cu)

  • Iron (Fe)

  • Chlorine (Cl)

  • Manganese (Mn)

  • Zinc (Zn)


Page 2: Essential Requirements

  • Plants need sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to synthesize their own food through photosynthesis.


Page 3: Additional Requirements

  • Inquiry into what other materials are necessary for plant growth beyond basic requirements.


Page 4: Nutrient Sources from Soil

  • Soil provides crucial nutrients that assist in plant growth and development.


Page 5: Nutritional Requirements of Plants

Essential Nutrients

  • Nutrients are categorized into two groups:

    • Macronutrients: Required in larger quantities.

    • Micronutrients: Required in smaller amounts.


Page 6: Nutrient Categories

Macronutrients

  • Secondary Nutrients:

    • Calcium (Ca)

    • Magnesium (Mg)

    • Sulfur (S)

  • Primary Nutrients:

    • Nitrogen (N)

    • Phosphorus (P)

    • Potassium (K)

Micronutrients

  • Boron (B)

  • Zinc (Zn)

  • Iron (Fe)

  • Copper (Cu)

  • Molybdenum (Mo)

  • Chlorine (Cl)


Page 7: Macronutrients Focus

Macronutrients Specified

  • Phosphorus

  • Nitrogen

  • Potassium


Page 8: Macronutrient Functions

Role of Macronutrients

  • Nitrogen: Essential for nucleic acids and proteins.

  • Phosphorus: Vital for nucleic acids and phospholipids in cell membranes.


Page 9: Elemental Functions Continued

Macronutrients' Significance

  • Nitrogen: Crucial for protein synthesis and vegetative growth.

  • Phosphorus: Important for energy storage and transport in plants.


Page 10: Macronutrient Functions

Functions Explained

  • Nitrogen: Vital for proteins and nucleic acids.

  • Phosphorus: Essential in energy storage; helps in syntheses.

  • Potassium: Regulates stomatal openings and activates enzymes.


Page 11: Fertilizer Details

Understanding Fertilizers

  • Fertilizers are labeled with three numbers indicating the ratio of:

    • Nitrogen (N)

    • Phosphorus (P)

    • Potassium (K)


Page 12: Other Macronutrients

Essential Elements

  • Hydrogen and Oxygen: Formed from water and essential for photosynthesis.

  • Carbon: Integral for carbohydrates and proteins.

  • Sulfur: Component of some amino acids (e.g., cysteine).


Page 13: Additional Macronutrients' Functions

Roles of Macronutrients

  • Calcium: Regulates transport and enzyme functions.

  • Magnesium: Maintains ionic balance.


Page 14: Micronutrients Overview

Functions of Micronutrients

  • Boron: Aids carbohydrate transport; deficiency causes bud dieback.

  • Chlorine: Important for osmosis and ionic balance.

  • Copper: Component of enzymes; deficiency leads to leaf discoloration.


Page 15: More Micronutrients

Roles of Micronutrients Continued

  • Iron: Necessary for chlorophyll synthesis.

  • Manganese: Activates enzymes for chlorophyll formation.


Page 16: Final Micronutrients

Additional Micronutrients

  • Molybdenum: Converts nitrates to usable forms; aids nitrogen fixation.

  • Zinc: Required for chlorophyll formation and enzyme activation.


Page 17: Nutrient Deficiencies

Symptoms of Deficiency

  • Iron: Yellowing of young leaves while older leaves remain green.

  • Nitrogen: Yellowing of lower leaves, lighter color in upper leaves.

  • Manganese: Yellow spots in leaves.

  • Calcium: Stunted new leaves; green older leaves.

  • Potassium: Yellowing of leaf edges.

  • Carbon Dioxide: Stunted growth and white leaf deposits.


Page 18: Types of Plants

Vascular vs Nonvascular Plants

  • Nonvascular: Includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.

  • Vascular: Includes ferns and seed plants like conifers.


Page 19: Xylem Function

Role of Xylem

  • Transports minerals and water from roots to other parts of plants.

  • Contains tracheids and vessels.


Page 20: Phloem Function

Role of Phloem

  • Primary tissue for transporting nutrients and food throughout plants.


Page 21: Material Movement in Vascular Tissues

Transport Mechanism

  • Transpiration and absorption illustrated through leaf structure.


Page 22: Vascular Transport Mechanisms

Understanding Transpiration

  • Describes water movement loss through leaves and stems.


Page 23: Summary of Material Movement

Key Processes Again

  • Highlights of transpiration, absorption, and the role of cohesion.


Page 24: Water and Nutrient Movement

Comprehensive Overview

  • Collection of vital nutrients and water through roots alongside transpiration processes.


Page 25: Root Structure

Anatomy of Roots

  • Key components of dicot and monocot root structure.


Page 26: Vascular Transport

Vascular Bundles in Roots

  • Organization of xylem and phloem in both dicots and monocots.


Page 27: Leaf Transport Structures

Vascular Tissue in Leaves

  • Description of the leaf's structure including petiole, midrib, and vascular tissues.


Page 28: Importance of Vascular Bundles

Significance of Vascular Bundles

  • Inquiry into the consequences of lacking vascular bundles for plants.


Page 29: Nutrient Importance Identification

Essential Elements in Plants

  1. Carbon

  2. Boron

  3. Nitrogen

  4. Potassium

  5. Hydrogen and Oxygen


Page 30: Venn Diagram Activity

Comparative Task

  • Requirement to complete the Venn diagram based on specific terms.


Page 31: Macronutrient Definition

Macronutrient Overview

  • List of macronutrients needed in larger amounts: Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur.


Page 32: Micronutrient Definition

Micronutrient Overview

  • Summary of micronutrients: Boron, chlorine, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, and molybdenum.


Page 33: Nutritional Deficiencies Impact

Consequences of Nutrient Deficiencies

  • Discusses how deficiencies in macro and micronutrients impair plant health.


Page 34: Capillary Action Definition

Capillary Action Explained

  • Process of water moving through narrow xylem and phloem spaces.


Page 35: Nutrients in Plants

Essential Elements Summary

  • Highlights the importance of carbohydrates, oils, proteins, vitamins, and the role of sunlight, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water in plant nutrition.

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