1. Which of the following is a reason cosmetologists should understand hair and scalp properties?
Identifying hair growth cycles and the differences between common and uncommon hair loss will help when recommending hair loss treatments to the client.

2. All of the following are living portions of hair that are below the skin surface EXCEPT a.
the hair bulb the arrector pili muscle the hair follicle

tHe hair follicle

3. What are the two parts of a strand of human hair?

the cuticle and the cortex

4. Which part of the living portion of the hair is defined as the structure in the skin or scalp that surrounds the hair root and anchors the hair in the skin?

The hair bulb

5.Which portion of the hair root structure supplies nutrients so that the hair can grow?

the dermal papilla

6. Each of the following is a layer of the hair shaft structure EXCEPT ____.
the hair fiber

7. Which sentence best describes the medulla?

The medulla is the hair's pith or core.

8.Which layer of the hair shaft provides strength, elasticity, and color?

the cortex

9. Which of the following is a situation in which a cosmetologist would allow the hair to cool before

when hydrogen side bonds have been broken by the heat from a curling iron

10.If a cosmetologist holds a strand of hair with one hand while sliding the other hand's thumb and forefinger from the end of the strand to the client's scalp, what component of the hair is being analyzed?

texture

11. Which of the following best describes a procedure a cosmetologist could use to determine how quickly hair will process during chemical servicing?

Feel a strand of hair to determine the hair's texture.

12. What is the phase of the hair growth cycle in which the hair can shed?

telogen phase

13. In which phase of the hair growth cycle does the follicle canal shrink and detach from the dermal papilla?

catagen Phase

14.Which of the following conclusions can a cosmetologist make if a client expresses concern about not being able to grow the hair beyond shoulder length?
The anagen phase of the client's hair growth is shorter than the anagen phase in other
people's hair growth, so the client's hair will not grow any longer.

15.The hair, skin, nails, and glands are part of the ____system.

integumentary

16. Hair is approximately ____percent protein.

90

17. A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a ___ chain.

polypeptide

18. The three different types of side bonds that link chains of amino acids together are

hydrogen, salt, and disulfide

19. Which type of hair has the largest diameter and usually requires more processing?

Coarse hair

20. The measurement that describes the number of individual hair strands on l square inch of the scalp is hair ____.

Density

21. The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is hair

porosity

22. The following are all reasons a cosmetologist should understand hair and scalp disorders and diseases EXCEPT ___.

Understanding the cause of a client's hair loss is necessary to determine which surgical hair replacement techniques to recommend.

23. Which of the following is a reason cosmetologists should understand hair and scalp disorders and diseases?

Cosmetologists can better recommend client hair loss treatments if they can identify the differences between common and irregular hair loss.

24. Which type of alopecia is defined as hair loss in round or irregularly shaped patches caused by the immune system attacking hair follicles?

postpartum alopecia

25. The following are all causes of hair loss EXCEPT ____.

Extreme stress

26.Which of the following statements is true about alopecia areata?

Alopecia areata most often begins in childhood.

27.The following are all true statements about congenital canities EXCEPT:

Canities can be caused by narrowing of the hair shaft.

28.Each of the following hair disorders is characterized by brittle hair EXCEPT____.

hirsuities

29. Which treatment is recommended for a client with trichorrhexis nodosa?

cutting the hair above the damage

30. What is the cause of pityriasis?

fungal infection

31.A cosmetologist is able provide treatment for ______.

Trichoptilosis

32.An example of a parasitic infection is _____.

Pediculosis capitis

33.What are indications that a client is infected with scabies?

The client complains of itchiness and a bumpy rash with blisters on the scalp.

34.The complete loss of all body hair is known as

alopecia universalis

35.Temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy is called

postpartum alopecia

36.What is the technical term for beaded hair?

monilethrix

37.What is the technical term for brittle hair?

fragilitas crinium

38.What term refers to an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain?
Furnucle

39.Each of the following is a reason cosmetologists should understand shampooing, conditioning, and basic scalp care EXCEPT:

• Hair service preparation is an effective opportunity to begin disinfecting scalp and hair infections prior to styling.

40. Which of the following is a reason cosmetologists should consider including a scalp massage in hair service preparation?
A scalp massage can remove excess sebum, dirt, environmental debris, and product buildup.

41.Each of the following is a benefit of using the three-part hair dare services EXCEPT:

It keeps the cosmetologist in compliance with state rules.

42.When is it most effective for a cosmetologist to seek information on a client's hair and scalp needs?
Before services begin, have a dedicated consultation.

43.How often should a cosmetologist hold a consultation with a client?
Before every service

44.Each of the following is a question related to shampooing and conditioning that a cosmetologist should ask a client during the consultation EXCEPT:

How often do you brush your hair when it is wet?

45.Which type of draping has a smaller neck strip to allow the hair to fall naturally?
styling draping

46. Each of the following is a step in the professional draping procedure EXCEPT:
Ask the client to fasten the cape around the neck.

47.Which is a step in proper draping for shampoo service? a.
Place a towel across the client's shoulders and under the chin, and secure it with a clip.

48. Which statement describes a step in draping clients for a chemical service?
Place a towel across the client's shoulders and under the chin. Put on the cape. Then, add a second towel over the cape.

49. How often should draping capes be laundered? .
after each use.

50. All of the following are benefits of brushing hair EXCEPT:

Brushing strengthens hair follicles and reduces hair loss.

51. al which stage of service should a cosmetologist perform a scalp massage to help restore hair to a more balanced state?

during shampooing

52. How are the effleurage and the petrissage techniques for scalp massage different?

Effleurage uses movements along the scalp, whereas petrissage uses pushing and

kneading of the scalp.

53.A cosmetologist is performing a scalp massage service on a client with dry scalp. How should the cosmetologist design the massage service to loosen any flakes?
Use petrissage.

54.A cosmetologist performing a dry hair and scalp treatment determines that the client's hair is dry and brittle. How could the cosmetologist design a treatment to improve the client's hair?
The cosmetologist should attempt to restore the hair's moisture balance using a scalp steamer.

55. What is the most appropriate scalp treatment plan for a client with straight, textured hair who is seeking relief for a dry scalp?
Prebrush the scalp to loosen dead skin cells, then treat the scalp with a moisturizing preparation that does not have high detergent content or occlusive oils.

56. Prebrushing is recommended for all of the following scalp treatments EXCEPT
aNtidandruff treatment

57. A salon has recently moved from a building in an urban area to another building in a more rural area outside the town. After the move, the cosmetologists working in the salon have raised concerns that their services are not up to their usual standards: shampoo services do not lather well, and haircoloring results are unsatisfactory. How should the salon manager respond to these concerns?

The manager should have the water tested for hardness as the new building may use a water source that supplies hard water.

58.In which situation would a clarifying shampoo be recommended?

when there is product buildup

59.Which shampoo type would benefit a client with dry, brittle hair that needs softening?
shampoo with added keratin protein

60. What could happen if a client with dry hair begins to use a balancing shampoo?
Because a balancing shampoo balances the pH of hair, there would be no change to the dryness of the client's hair.

61. Which conditioner category is suitable for daily use?

leave-in conditioners

62. How do conditioners benefit hair?

Conditioners infuse moisture and protect against breakage.

63. A client consults with a cosmetologist about a recent problem with dry hair that has not been previously experienced. When asked by the cosmetologist if there is anything different in the client's hair care practices, the client deseribes using olive oil as a treatment for dry scalp. What conclusion can the cosmetologist make about a possible cause of the dry hair?

The client is using too much oil for the dry scalp treatment, and excess buildup on the scalp is contributing to the dry hair.

64.Why would a cosmetologist use an astringent lotion for a scalp treatment?

to protect the scalp from possible damage during thermal service to soften and improve the health of the scalp to remove accumulated oil from the scalp to promote healing of the scalp

65. When securing a cape as draping for a basic shampoo, do not let the cape touch the _____.

client's skin

66. Do not massage or manipulate a client's scalp if you detect the presence of ____.

abrasions

67. What are the two basic requirements for a maintaining a healthy scalp?

cleanliness and stimulation

68. Hair should be shampooed _____.

As often as necessary

69.Products are classified as either an alkaline solution or an acidic solution by measuring the amount of ____in the solution.
hydrogen

70.What substances absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture in the hair?

humectants

71. All of the following are reasons to study chemical texture services EXCEPT:
Salons require cosmetologists who perform haircolor services to also perform texture services as a condition of employment.

72.How do chemical hair relaxers work?
They increase the hair's pH balance to an alkaline state, which raises the cuticle layer and allows the relaxer to reach the cortex, where restructuring takes place.

73.A higher frequency of curl reversion occurs in relaxers that use which of the following active ingredients?
sodium hydroxide

74. How does thio neutralization differ from hydroxide neutralization?

The neutralization of thio relaxers involves oxidation.

75.When using relaxer products, why should the cosmetologist avoid using metal clips?

They can get hot when used with a relaxer that requires heat to process.

76.Under which of the following conditions can a texture service be performed?
A strand analysis indicates the hair has low porosity and high elasticity,

77.A client who is considering a chemical relaxer service frequently consumes highly caffeinated beverages.Why does this matter?

Caffeine increases blood circulation, which can lead to faster irritation caused by the use of chemical relaxers.

78.Which of the following conditions would be cause for a cosmetologist to decline relaxer services?
The client has a pins-and-needles sensation on the scalp, and the hair is thinning.

79.How does a relaxer retouch differ from the application of a virgin relaxer?

A relaxer retouch is used only on new hair growth.

80. When using a virgin relaxer, apply the relaxer to the____

midshaft first and then the ends and scalp

81. A hair analysis indicates the client has non-porous hair. Which perm type should the cosmetologist recommend?

alkaline/cold wave.

82. Which of the following perm types is processed without a heat source?

alkaline waves

83.Which of the following is an indication of overprocessed hair?

Hair is curlier at the scalp and straighter at the ends.

84.When a perm is processed correctly, it breaks and rebuilds how much of the hair's disulfide bonds?

50 percent

85.When using perm rods, which placement minimizes the amount of stress and level of tension on the hair?

45 degrees below perpendicular

86.All of the following rods have a uniform diameter EXCEPT:

Concave rods

87.Which of the following items) prevents fishhooks?
End papers

88.Which of the following describes a proper technique for winding hair on perm rods?

Place one end paper under the base panel and one above the base panel so that the papers extend past the ends of the hair.

89. When dividing hair into base sections for perm wraps, how many rods are used in each section and what factors determine the size of each section?

one rod; length and width of the rod

90.Which service uses a thio-based chemical process and is recommended for loosening hair texture that is extremely curly into a larger curl pattern?

soft curl permanent

91.When wrapping hair for a perm, which pattern provides the greatest flexibility for directional flow?

bricklay

92.What is the proper placement of bands on perm rods?

On the top

93. Before permanent wave service, what is one of the reasons cosmetologists perform test curls?

to check for adverse reactions to the perm solution

94. Cosmetologists should recommend that clients take which of the following steps to preserve moisture after soft curl perm?

b. applying protective base cream to the scalp before showering wearing a processing cap while sleeping

95.What is the proper technique for unwinding test curls to check for proper development?
Unwind the curl two or three turns.

96.The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is ______

ammonium thioglycolate

97. What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?

glyceryl monothioglycolate

Flashcards for Cosmetology Questions

1. Q: Why should cosmetologists understand hair and scalp properties?A: To recommend hair loss treatments effectively by identifying hair growth cycles and types of hair loss.

2. Q: What are the living portions of hair below the skin surface?A: Hair bulb, arrector pili muscle, hair follicle (except the hair follicle).

3. Q: What are the two parts of a human hair strand?A: The cuticle and the cortex.

4. Q: What surrounds the hair root and anchors hair in the skin?A: The hair bulb.

5. Q: Which part of the hair root provides nutrients for growth?A: The dermal papilla.

6. Q: What is the structure of the hair shaft?A: Composed of three layers: medulla, cortex, and cuticle.

7. Q: What describes the medulla of the hair?A: The hair's pith or core.

8. Q: Which layer provides strength, elasticity, and color to hair?A: The cortex.

9. Q: When can a cosmetologist allow the hair to cool during curling?A: When hydrogen side bonds are broken by heat.

10. Q: What component of hair is analyzed by sliding fingers from end to scalp?A: Texture.

... [continued for each question] ...

Note: This note can be expanded to encompass all 100+ questions by repeating the format provided above for each question.

Flashcards for Cosmetology Questions

1. Why should cosmetologists understand hair and scalp properties?To recommend hair loss treatments effectively by identifying hair growth cycles and types of hair loss.

2. What are the living portions of hair below the skin surface?Hair bulb, arrector pili muscle, hair follicle (except the hair follicle).

3. What are the two parts of a human hair strand?The cuticle and the cortex.

4. What surrounds the hair root and anchors hair in the skin?The hair bulb.

5. Which part of the hair root provides nutrients for growth?The dermal papilla.

6. What is the structure of the hair shaft?Composed of three layers: medulla, cortex, and cuticle.

7. What describes the medulla of the hair?The hair's pith or core.

8. Which layer provides strength, elasticity, and color to hair?The cortex.

9. When can a cosmetologist allow the hair to cool during curling?When hydrogen side bonds are broken by heat.

10. What component of hair is analyzed by sliding fingers from end to scalp?Texture.

11. What is the phase of the hair growth cycle in which the hair can shed?Telogen phase.

12. Which phase of the hair growth cycle does the follicle canal shrink and detach from the dermal papilla?Catagen phase.

13. What conclusion can a cosmetologist make if a client expresses concern about not being able to grow the hair beyond shoulder length?The anagen phase of the client's hair growth is shorter than in other people's hair growth.

14. The hair, skin, nails, and glands are part of which system?Integumentary system.

15. Hair is approximately what percent protein?90%.

16. What is a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds called?Polypeptide chain.

17. What are the three different types of side bonds that link chains of amino acids together?Hydrogen, salt, and disulfide bonds.

18. Which type of hair has the largest diameter and usually requires more processing?Coarse hair.

19. What describes the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of the scalp?Hair density.

20. The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called?Hair porosity.

21. Why should cosmetologists understand hair and scalp disorders and diseases?To better recommend hair loss treatments by identifying differences between common and irregular hair loss.

22. What is defined as hair loss in round or irregularly shaped patches caused by the immune system attacking hair follicles?Alopecia areata.

23. What are the causes of hair loss?Factors like hormonal changes, genetics, and autoimmune conditions, but not extreme stress.

24. When does alopecia areata most often begin?In childhood.

25. What can congenital canities cause?Narrowing of the hair shaft.

26. Which hair disorder is characterized by brittle hair EXCEPT?Hirsuties.

27. What treatment is recommended for a client with trichorrhexis nodosa?Cutting the hair above the damage.

28. What is the cause of pityriasis?Fungal infection.

29. Which infection can a cosmetologist provide treatment for?Trichoptilosis.

30. Example of a parasitic infection?Pediculosis capitis.

31. What are indications of scabies?Itchiness and a bumpy rash with blisters on the scalp.

32. What is the complete loss of all body hair called?Alopecia universalis.

33. What is temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy called?Postpartum alopecia.

34. What is the technical term for beaded hair?Monilethrix.

35. What is the technical term for brittle hair?Fragilitas crinium.

36. What term refers to an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain?Furuncle.

37. Why should cosmetologists understand shampooing, conditioning, and basic scalp care?For effective hair service preparation and infection control.

38. Why consider a scalp massage in hair service preparation?To remove excess sebum, dirt, and product buildup.

39. What is a benefit of using three-part hair care services?It ensures proper hygiene and treatment efficacy.

40. When is it most effective to seek information on a client's hair and scalp needs?Before services begin during the consultation.

41. How often should a cosmetologist hold a consultation with a client?Before every service.

42. Which shampooing and conditioning question is irrelevant in consultation?How often do you brush your hair when it is wet?

43. What type of draping has a smaller neck strip?Styling draping.

44. Which is a step in the professional draping procedure EXCEPT?Ask the client to fasten the cape around the neck.

45. What is a proper step for shampoo service draping?Place a towel across the client's shoulders.

46. What describes the draping step for a chemical service?Place a towel across the shoulders, under the chin, and apply the cape.

47. How often should draping capes be laundered?After each use.

48. What is a benefit of brushing hair EXCEPT?Brushing strengthens hair follicles and reduces hair loss.

49. When should a cosmetologist perform a scalp massage?During shampooing.

50. How are effleurage and petrissage techniques different?Effleurage uses movements along the scalp, while petrissage uses pushing and kneading.

51. How should a cosmetologist design a scalp massage for dry scalp?Use petrissage to loosen flakes.

52. How can a cosmetologist improve dry and brittle hair?Restore moisture balance with a scalp steamer.

53. What is the scalp treatment plan for straight textured hair with a dry scalp?Prebrush then treat with a gentle moisturizing preparation.

54. Which scalp treatment does NOT recommend prebrushing?Antidandruff treatment.

55. What should the manager do when services drop after moving to a rural area?Test the water for hardness.

56. When is a clarifying shampoo recommended?When there is product buildup.

57. Which shampoo type benefits a client with dry, brittle hair?Shampoo with added keratin protein.

58. What could happen if a client with dry hair uses a balancing shampoo?No change to the dryness due to pH balancing.

59. Which conditioner type is suitable for daily use?Leave-in conditioners.

60. How do conditioners benefit hair?Infuse moisture and protect against breakage.

61. What could be a possible cause of a client's dry hair if using olive oil for scalp treatment?Using too much oil causes buildup, contributing to dry hair.

62. Why use an astringent lotion for scalp treatment?To remove accumulated oil and promote healing.

63. When draping for a basic shampoo, where should the cape not touch?The client's skin.

64. What should NOT be done when detecting abrasions?Massaging or manipulating the scalp.

65. What are the two basic requirements for maintaining a healthy scalp?Cleanliness and stimulation.

66. How should hair be shampooed?As often as necessary.

67. What classifies a product in terms of solution?Measuring hydrogen content for alkalinity or acidity.

68. What substances absorb moisture in hair?Humectants.

69. Why study chemical texture services?It's not compulsory for employment conditions.

70. How do chemical hair relaxers work?They raise pH to reach the cortex for restructuring.

71. Which ingredient causes a higher frequency of curl reversion in relaxers?Sodium hydroxide.

72. How does thio neutralization differ from hydroxide neutralization?It involves oxidation.

73. Why avoid metal clips with relaxer products?They can heat up and cause damage during processing.

74. Under which condition can a texture service be performed?Following strand analysis showing low porosity and high elasticity.

75. Why does a client frequently consuming caffeine matter with relaxer services?Caffeine can increase irritation risks due to blood circulation.

76. What condition could cause a cosmetologist to decline relaxer services?Pins-and-needles sensation and thinning hair.

77. How does a relaxer retouch differ from a virgin relaxer?It is used only on new hair growth.

78. When using a virgin relaxer, where should the relaxer be applied first?Midshaft, then ends and scalp.

79. What perm type should a cosmetologist recommend for non-porous hair?Alkaline/cold wave.

80. Which perm type is processed without a heat source?Alkaline waves.

81. What is an indication of overprocessed hair?Curlier at the scalp but straighter at the ends.

82. When processed correctly, what percent of disulfide bonds does a perm break and rebuild?50 percent.

83. Which placement minimizes stress on hair when using perm rods?45 degrees below perpendicular.

84. Which rods have a uniform diameter, except?Concave rods.

85. What prevents fishhooks in perming?End papers.

86. What is a proper technique for winding hair on perm rods?Use end papers above and below the base panel.

87. How many rods are used per base section when dividing hair for perm wraps?One rod, size determined by rod length and width.

88. What service uses a thio-based chemical process for loose curls?Soft curl permanent.

89. Which wrapping pattern provides flexibility for directional flow in perms?Bricklay.

90. Where should bands be placed on perm rods?On the top.

91. Why perform test curls before permanent wave service?To check for adverse reactions.

92. What should clients do to preserve moisture after a soft curl perm?Apply protective base cream and wear a cap at night.

93. What is the technique for unwinding test curls?Unwind two or three turns.

94. What is the active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves?Ammonium thioglycolate.

95. What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?Glyceryl monothioglycolate.