Time period 8 (1900-present) countries

Impact of Various Countries from 1900 to Present

1. Germany: Germany experienced major upheavals in the 20th century, including World War I and II, leading to its division during the Cold War. The reunification in 1990 marked a significant shift in political and economic landscape.

2. USSR: The USSR was a superpower during much of the 20th century until its dissolution in 1991. Its impact on global politics was vast, influencing numerous countries through communism and the Cold War dynamics.

3. Armenia: Armenia faced significant challenges, including the Armenian Genocide in 1915 and the post-Soviet transition leading to economic struggles. The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict with Azerbaijan remains a key issue.

4. Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge regime (1975-1979) led to mass genocide and devastation. Post-1990, efforts were made towards rebuilding, but the country still grapples with political instability and the legacy of its past.

5. Rwanda: The 1994 Rwandan Genocide resulted in the deaths of approximately 800,000 people, significantly affecting Rwandan society and politics. The government since has focused on recovery and reconciliation.

6. Indonesia: Indonesia saw the transition from colonial rule to independence in 1945, followed by political turmoil and the rise of Suharto’s regime in 1965. Economic growth occurred in the late 20th century but challenges remain.

7. Ghana: Ghana was the first sub-Saharan African country to gain independence in 1957. It faced various political fluctuations and has become a stable democracy since the 1990s, showcasing economic growth.

8. Ukraine: Ukraine's independence from the USSR in 1991 led to economic struggles and political instability, with the recent conflict with Russia reshaping its national identity and foreign relations.

9. Korea: The Korean Peninsula was divided after World War II, leading to the Korean War (1950-1953). North Korea remains isolated and authoritarian, while South Korea has become a global economic powerhouse.

10. Vietnam: Following the Vietnam War (1955-1975), Vietnam has transformed from a war-torn country to a rapidly developing economy, integrating into the global market since the 1980s.

11. Angola: Angola's civil war post-independence (1975-2002) led to significant destruction, but recent oil wealth has spurred economic growth and development.

12. Nicaragua: Nicaragua faced political instability and civil conflict during the 1980s. The Ortega administration has been criticized for authoritarianism since returning to power.

13. Ethiopia: The fall of the Derg regime in the 1990s led to political reform, but ongoing ethnic tensions and conflicts continue to challenge stability.

14. Iran: The 1979 Iranian Revolution drastically changed the political landscape, leading to the establishment of an Islamic Republic. Iraq-Iran War and ongoing tensions with the West have marked its history.

15. Egypt: Egypt underwent significant changes post-1952 revolution, with multiple regime changes and the Arab Spring in 2011 affecting political stability and economic conditions.

16. Algeria: Algeria experienced a brutal war for independence from France (1954-1962) and has faced political turmoil and civil conflicts since gaining independence.

17. Nigeria: Nigeria has struggled with political corruption, ethnic tensions, and economic challenges since independence in 1960, while being a major oil producer.

18. Israel: Established in 1948, Israel's history has been marked by conflict with neighboring Arabs and ongoing tension regarding Palestinian statehood.

19. Pakistan: Pakistan has faced ongoing political instability, conflict with India, and economic challenges since partition from India in 1947.

20. Tanzania: Following independence in 1961, Tanzania went through socialist policies under Julius Nyerere, transitioning to a free market economy in the 1990s.

21. Sri Lanka: The country faced a brutal civil war (1983-2009) and is now navigating post-war recovery while addressing ethnic tensions.

22. Philippines: The Philippines experienced dictatorship under Ferdinand Marcos (1965-1986), followed by democratic transitions and ongoing challenges with insurgency and governance.

23. Chile: The military coup in 1973 led to Pinochet's regime, impacting human rights and socio-economic policies. Chile transitioned to democracy in the 1990s.

24. Uganda: Uganda faced political turmoil post-independence, including the brutal dictatorship of Idi Amin. Recent developments have focused on reconstruction and political stability.

25. Peru: Peru dealt with terrorism from the Shining Path group in the 1980s and 1990s, although recent years have emphasized economic growth despite political corruption scandals.

26. Afghanistan: Afghanistan has been significantly affected by conflict, from the Soviet invasion (1979-1989) to the Taliban regime and ongoing issues following the U.S. withdrawal in 2021.