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Wash Irving

Washington Irving's Life

  • Birth and Background

    • Born on April 3, 1783, in New York City.

    • Last of eleven children; father was Scottish-born, mother was English-born.

    • Early influences included English literature and writers such as Shakespeare and Goldsmith.

  • Career Beginnings

    • Published first satirical essays in 1802 at age 19.

    • Was originally going to be a lawyer

    • Known for both humor and for addressing darker themes in his writing.

    • Created iconic characters like Rip Van Winkle and Ichabod Crane.

  • Literary Achievements

    • First American writer of the 19th century to gain international recognition.

    • Innovative travel sketches; pioneer of the modern short story.

    • Secured British and American copyrights for his work, setting a precedent.

    • First American able to support himself solely through writing.

  • Notable Works

    • "A History of New-York" (1809) = parodic piece that brought him fame.

    • "The Sketch Book" (1819-1820) = includes "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow."

    • "The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus" (1828) = standard account for schools.

  • Personal Life

    • Experience with tuberculosis led to a two-year European tour.

    • Grief over the death of his fiancée, Matilda, shaped his bachelorhood.

      • this was very hard on him, he was in some ways never the same

      • shaped his writing of women - he doesn’t always write women in a great light - makes them very stereotypical and “tropey”

    • Lived in Europe for 17 years; worked various jobs before returning to writing.

  • Later Years and Death

    • Continued to write until his final work on George Washington, published just before his death on November 28, 1859.

    • Left a lasting influence on American literature, inspiring numerous writers.

Themes in Irving's Work

  • Cultural Representation

    • Explored themes of American identity and cultural transformation.

  • Characterization

    • Characters like Rip Van Winkle embody the concept of change and counterheroism.

  • Historical Context

    • Addressed the impact of the American Revolution and societal shifts in his stories.

Rip Van Winkle

  • Narrative Setup

    • Story narrated by Diedrich Knickerbocker, a curious old gentleman of New York.

    • Emphasis on Dutch history and cultural lore as component of the narrative.

  • Plot Overview

    • Rip is a kind-hearted but lazy man, henpecked by his wife.

    • Escapes to the Kaatskill mountains to avoid domestic strife.

    • Encounters supernatural beings while drinking and falls asleep for twenty years.

    • Awakens to find significant changes in his village and society.

  • Key Themes and Analysis

    • Mutability: Explores the idea of transformation and personal dislocation over time.

    • Anti-Benjamin Franklin: Rip represents the failure of conventional success by not conforming to societal expectations.

    • Cultural Reflection: The changes in Rip's life reflect broader social changes during the American revolution and formation of the U.S.

    • Symbolism: Rip's long sleep symbolizes avoidance of responsibilities and a search for tranquility.

  • Conclusion of the Tale

    • Rip ultimately finds acceptance in a changed world.

    • His experiences resonate with themes of nostalgia and the passage of time.

  • In Class Discussion

    • wiling to do things for others, but is he really willing to do things for himself

    • rip does what he wants to do, nit what he has to do

    • a question of if he’s lazy or something else

    • procrastination —> productive procrasination?

    • first two paragraphs have a very dreamlike tone with a lot of idealic imagery

    • he’s really well like by basically everyone

      • especially children: he plays with thme, they jump on his back, they world surround him

    • not realistic - represents ideologies, minds sets

    • being sarcastic about how all rip does is fish and hunt without any gain for it

      • he doesn’t have a lot of money so he doesn’t really have time to not make money, but he wastes time hunting and fishing anyhow

        • Making fun of ben franklin when he say’s how he never hunts or fish

    • “Rip was ready to attend to anybody’s buisness but his own…” - helps everyone except for his own wife

      • no wonder she “nags” him all the time

    • Rip has two escapes

      • going to the woods

      • going to the bench infront of the inn to talk with his friends

    • the group that he comes up calling to him are “ghosts” - early dutch settlers

      • his ancestors, having a party

      • keg of gin (CRAZYYY PARTYYYY LOL - the kind you don’t remember)

      • rip gets “ripped” - very drunk

    • participates in heavy indulgence

    • escapism

    • connection to other mythology and fairytales

      • when you eat or drink things from other worlds it can have a interesting effect

        • ex. persephone - she ate the pomegranite and had to stay with hades

      • Rip drank the gin from the keg and fell asleep for 20 years

    • when he comes out of the woods his gun is rusted and ruined

      • this is a falic symbol that represents the loss of his male power - “manhood”

    • aging gun isn’t just falic

      • also just a representation of how time has passed

      • the gun rusted very quickly which showed and dramatized the passing of time

    • interesting in comparision to other stories with a long sleep

      • He aged while a lot of the times time itself freezes and the people don’t age

    • skipping forward to a time where it’s okay for him to act like he does

      • doing nothing he’s an old man it’s okay for old people to just sit around and do what he wants when he wants

    • Not a story on lazyness, but a kind of joke - a satire

    • Illiad and the Odysse reference

      • comes back after 20 years doens’t look the same, but his dog argus recognizes him

      • he pets him and he dies

    • irving is having fun with history

    • rip comes back and his wife dies from yelling at someone - signal that this is a kind of satire

    • imidiate discussion of politics

      • america is political

      • the great tree has been replaced with the american flag

        • nature is replaced by the state

        • where they used to go to relax, but is not revolutionized and political

    • KING GEORGE —> GEORGE WASHINGTON

    • present time is busy, noisy, and cluttered

      • critique on america

    • at one level a funny folktale on another a real critique of america