KC

Medical Study Guide

Hematology & Blood Disorders

  • Hematuria: Blood in urine.

  • Chronicity: Indicates a long-lasting condition.

  • Causes of Blood in Urine:

    • Blunt trauma

    • Catheterization

    • Immune-driven conditions

    • Septicemia (blood infection)

    • Clotting disorders

Antibiogram & Antibiotic Resistance

  • Antibiogram: Report on antibiotic effectiveness against bacteria.

  • Common Pathogens & Antibiotic Resistance:

    • Streptococcus species: Resistant (R) or Susceptible (S) to certain antibiotics.

    • Staphylococcus species

  • Interpretation:

    • R (Resistant): Bacteria not killed by the antibiotic.

    • S (Susceptible): Antibiotic is effective.

Gastrointestinal & Hemorrhagic Conditions

  • Nausea & Related Symptoms:

    • UGI Bleed: Bleeding from upper digestive tract.

    • Hematemesis: Vomiting blood.

    • Melena: Black, tarry stools from digested blood.

Intracranial Pressure (ICP) & Neurological Issues

  • ICP Management:

    • High ICP can be life-threatening; symptoms include headache, nausea, and altered mental status.

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding & Rectal Conditions

  • LGIB: Bleeding from the lower digestive tract.

  • Rectal Issues: Conditions like rectal ulcers, hemorrhoids, or colorectal disease.

Simplifying Complex Concepts

  • Clarity: Use simple language and break down ideas.

  • Visuals: Incorporate diagrams and charts.

  • Examples: Provide real-world examples.

  • Summarization: Summarize key points after explanations.

  • Engagement: Ask questions to check comprehension.