Lesson 1

1. Hospital Critical Care Applications

• Physiological Monitoring system - vital signs, overall function of patient’s body

• Hemodynamic monitor - assess health of circulatory system; BP, heart rate and cardiac output

• Arrhythmia Monitor - irregular heart rhythms, electrical activity to determine abnormal patterns in heartbeat, glucose level, respiratory gases

  • Glucose monitoring device

  • Pulse oximeter

  • Telemetry - remote collection of measurements or data and its transmission to a central location for monitoring and analysis; ICU to Telemetry to another room

• CCIS (Critical Care Information System) - act as central hub for managing all patients in ICU; electronic health records, physiological monitoring, alerts for VS

• Coordination and Scheduling of Patient Care Activities - software program optimizes various task in patient care plan; ncp individualized, outlines procedures, appointments, tests, reminders for schedules

2. Community Health Applications - address health needs of a population within a specific area; improved access to health services

• Community health informatics - strategically leveraging data to address health needs in the community; uses tech to address public health concerns

• Community health application system (CHAS) - acts as central hub for managing community resources

• Computer based Survey System - web-based survey software; program for storing and collecting data electronically;

  • Health statistical survey - collects data about health and wellbeing of a population to find out trens, patterns and disparities in a geographical location

1. Population-based survey -  represent health of entire population, randomly selecting sample of individuals to participate

2. Individual-based surveys - collects data from a specific group of people (patients that have particular disease or healthcare providers within a healthcare system)

Nursing Informatics Community Health Application

• Ambulatory Care System - optimizes patient care delivery in outpatient settings

• ensures effective use of EHR within the ambulatory system

• document patient encounters, track medications, access past medical history

• CCDSS (Clinical decision support system): provide us with real time prompts and reminders for preventive measures, informs about medication interactions

• STOS (Standardized template and order set): leverage predetermined templates to streamline documentation for common procedures and diagnosis

• patient portals allow pts to access health information and schedule appointments and communication with healthcare providers

• Telehealth integration: nurses can conduct virtual consultation with pts, reduce need for in person visits

• Educational resources: platform helps to provide educational resources on health topics, procedures

• Emergency Preparedness Response - improved communication and coordination due to real time sharing, enhanced patient care due to faster access to patient information, increased efficiency and resource management, development of effective training programs

• Telehealth - remote healthcare delivery, improve patient access to care for geographically isolated pts, increased efficiency and cost-effective

Informatics in time of Covid

• nursing informatics improves healthcare delivery during emergencies

• enhanced communication and coordination

Lesson 2 Policies, Guidelines and Laws in Nursing Informatics

Intellectual Property Law - protects creations and knowledge used in this field

Types of Intellectual Property:

• Copyright - protects original works of authorship including educational materials, standardized nursing assessments developed by individual, computer code for custom software applications used in nursing practice

• Trademarks - protect logos, symbols or brand names associated suth specific products or services

•  Trade Secrets - protect confidential information that gives a competitive advantage, including proprietary algorithms, unique data collection and analysis methods

• Privacy of Personal and Public Domains (Data Privacy Act) - outlines how personal information must be collected, used, stored and disclosed

  • limited Collection

  • Informed Consent

  • Data security

  • Data Access & Correction

  • Data Retention & Disposal

Netiquette Rules and Guidelines - etiquette of online communication

• Before you think (true, helpful, inspiring, necessary, kind)

Lesson 3

Nursing Information System

• Internet Application 

• PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)  & wireless devices - small, mobile handheld device that provides computing and information storage and retrieval capabilities for personal or business use

• history:

• Apple CEO John Sculley coined the term “PDA” in 1992

• mid 1990s: manufacturers of PDAs, pagers and cellular telephones combined the functionality of those devices into “smartphone”

• 2010s: technology industry recycled the term “personal digital assistant”; software that recognizes user’s voice and AI; ex: Apple’s Siri, Microsoft’s Cortana and Amazon’s Alexa

• Email - messages distributed by electronic means from one computer user to one or more recipients via a network

• email protocol: group of rules which ensure that emails are properly transmitted over the Internet

• CC: carbon copy; copy of an email sent to another addressee

• SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol; responsible for sending email messages to exchange emails between computers

• POP3 - Post Office Protocol version 3; provides access to inbox stored in an email server; executes download and deletes operations for messages

• IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol; allows you to access and manage email messages in your server; permits you to manipulate folders, delete and search throigh messages

• POP3 and IMAP handle the incoming emails and retrieve or access your email messages; while SMTP is behind the mail transfer from server to server (outgoing protocol)

• Bookmarks - save your shortcuts to your favorite webpages and navigate to tgem in seconds

• bookmarklets: bookmark stored in a web browser that contains JavaScript commands that adds new features to the browser; stored as URL of a bookmark in a web browser or as hyperlink

• Mobile devices, two – way or multi- person video teleconferencing, 

• facetime, text messaging, social media

• Web 2.0 - describes current state of the internet which has more user-generated content and usability for end users compared to Web 1.0(read only content)

  • Web 3.0 read-write-interact, behavioral advertising

  • Doxing - action or process of searching for and publishing private or identifying information about particular individual on the internet 

  • PII - personally identifiable information; information that when used alone can identify an individual; ex: credit card information, full name

• Blogs - type of regularly updated websites that provide insights into a certain topic; web + blog = blog

1. personal blogs

2. lifestyle blogs

3. business blogs

4. health blogs

5. marketing blogs

6. religious blogs

• Wiki - form of online hypertext publication that is collaboratively edited and managed by its audience directly through a web browser

Lesson 3

The Nursing Informatics Leadership

1. Role of nurse executive in information technology decision-making

2. Nurse informaticist roles

3. Standards of Nursing informatics practice

Nurses managers’ role:

1. involvement in healthcare information technology applications in the workplace

2. Assist staff nurses to grasp the essential skills and competencies needed to master informatics to promote safety in general

Nurse executive/ Nursing informatics executive

• responsible for leveraging technology and data to transform patient care delivery across the organization

• contribute productively and updated and advanced the Health Information Technology (HIT) knowledge in decision making

Nurse informaticist

• with highly specialized knowledge from 3 distinct disciplines: clinical nursing, information technology, research

• roles:

1. In charge Of Information Technology solutions

2. possesses a strong understanding of both nursing and technology

3. ensuring the integrity and security of health care data

TWO TYPES OF IT EXPERTISE WHEN CLINICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM WAS IMPLEMENTED:

1. Process Mapping - delineates the actual steps of clinical practice as they occur during patient care

2. Workflow design - spans the arrangement of information and forms to document nursing practice.

Standards of Nursing Informatics Practice

• Standard 1- Assessment

• Standard 2-Diagnosis, Problems and Issues Identification

• Standard 3- Outcomes Identification

• Standard 4-Planning

• Standard 5-Implementation

• Standard 6-Evaluation

• Standard 7-Ethics

• Standard 8-Education

• Standard 9-Evidence-based Practice

• Standard 10-Quality of Practice

• Standard 11-Communication

• Standard 12-Leadership

• Standard 13- Collaboration

• Standard 14-Professional practice Evaluation

• Standard 15-Resource utilization

• Standard 16-Environmental health

FUTURE DIRECTION OF NURSING INFORMATICS IN THE PHILIPPINES

1. Development of training, certification and credentialing programs

2. Partnership with local and international nursing and health informatics

Philippine Nursing Informatics Association (PNIA) - founded in 2010; association of Registered Nurses with a common vision to promote the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) to improve Nursing Practice, Education, Administration and Research in the Philippines.

• Competency, Organization, Recognition, Experience, and Expertise(CORE X)

  • Inclusion of nursing informatics in professional standards and educational curricula, the platform seeks to elevate the status of informatics practitioners and promote the importance of their role in healthcare.

SYNTHESIS OF PRINCIPLES, THEORIES AND CONCEPTS

• Synthesis of Principles

  • Integration of Nursing Science: Combines nursing knowledge with information and analytical sciences to manage and communicate data and information

  • Information and Communication Technologies: Uses IT to support nursing practice, including electronic health records (EHRs) and healthcare information systems (HISs)

  • Interpersonal Skills: Competencies that enable effective interaction with others, including conflict resolution, flexibility, empathy, and teamwork

  • Educational Informatics: Utilizes virtual learning environments (VLEs) to provide interactive web-based learning opportunities

  • Data Mining: Computational techniques to find patterns and trends in large databases

  • Wisdom: Appropriate and ethical use of knowledge to manage human problems

SYNTHESIS OF THEORIES

• General Systems Theory: Views systems as interconnected parts that form a whole.

• Key concepts include input, output, and feedback.

• Any change in one part of the system affects other parts

• Change Theory: Kurt Lewin

• Outlines a three-stage model of change: unfreezing, change, and refreezing.

• Driving and restraining forces influence equilibrium

• Cognitive Learning Theory (Jean Paiget): Explains learning through observation, reproduction of behaviors, and self-efficacy.

• Social cognitive theory incorporates behavioral, personal, and environmental factors

• Novice to Expert Theory: Outlines five levels of skill acquisition from novice to expert based on pattern recognition and intuition over rules. Deliberate practice and risk-taking enable progression

• Cybernetics

• models in which a monitor compares what is happening to a system at

• various sampling times with some standard of what should be happening, and a controller adjusts the system's behavior accordingly.

ROLES AND LIMITATIONS OF NURSING INFORMATICS

• Nursing Informatics Specialist: Provides clinical information and data analysis for effective patient care and monitoring.

• Requires a good understanding of basic nursing techniques and standards, coupled with statistical data collection, analysis, and interpretation

• Healthcare Policy: Involves reducing ambiguity in communication, ensuring consistent data, and adhering to health data standards