UNIT TEST 5

NUCLEAR FUSION - The joining of hydrogen atoms to become helium atoms

RADIANT ENERGY - What we call all light 

INCANDESCENT LIGHT - What all light produces

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE - What LED stands for

OPAQUE - What we call it when light can’t pass through an object

TRANSPARENT - What we call it when light can pass through an object

TRANSLUCENT - More opaque than transparent but light can still pass through

SHADOW - Blocked light

ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY - Energy from the sun to the earth

COLOUR SPECTRUM - What all the colours of the world make up

VISIBLE SPECTRUM - The colours in the colour spectrum that we can see

INVISIBLE SPECTRUM - The colours in the colour spectrum we can’t see

ULTRAVIOLET - The frequency of it is too high for us to see

INFRARED - Light on the warmer side of the spectrum that we can’t see 

ANGLE OF INCIDENCE - Angle of reflection

REFRACTION - The bending of light 

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM - Colours of the rainbow / ROYGBIV

THERMAL ENERGY - heat energy we receive from the sun

LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS - the 4 special laws that deal with energy and all of matter

THERMODYNAMICS - the study of thermal energy

ZEROTH LAW - there is no transfer of heat between 2 objects on the thermal equilibrium

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - energy and matter can never be created or destroyed

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - the universe is always becoming less and less disordered or organized

ENTROPY - a measure of disorder

THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - the entropy of something approaches its minimum as it's cooled toward absolute zero

HEAT - atoms in motion

HEAT SOURCE - the hotter item between heat source and heat sink

HEAT SINK - the item receiving the heat

RADIATION - energy that moves through space

RADIANT HEAT - heat that moves through empty space

CONVECTION - heat that transfers in liquids and gases

SEA BREEZE - when air thats heated over the land rises the air over the ocean rushes to fil the space that the air left

LAND BREEZE - when air rises over the sea and air from land flows in to replace it.

CONDUCTION - occurs when the heat source and the heat sink are connected through matter

COMBUSTION - a chemical process in which some material reacts quickly with oxygen to give off heat

FIRE TRIANGLE - the things we need to have fire: heat, fuel, and oxygen

IGNITION TEMPERATURE - a temperature at which something will light on fire

TEMPERATURE - measures how active the molecules are in a substance

FAHRENHEIT - what americans and some other countries use to measure temperature. Water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees

CELSIUS - what everyone else measures temperature in water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees 

KELVIN - form of measuring temperature only used by scientists scales using the coldest temperature and the hottest temperature of an object. 

THERMAL EXPANSION - when things heat up and they expand

• SOUND - is a vibration

• SOUND WAVES - the moving vibration

• ECHO - sound you hear a second time

• CONDUCT - to lead something from one place to another

• MACH 1 - if something is going 760 mph

• SUPERSONIC SPEED - anything faster than 760 mph

• SONIC BOOM - the boom you hear when you go faster than supersonic speed

• HERTZ - way to measure the frequency 

• INFRASOUND - anything that is too low for our ears to hear

• ULTRASOUND - anything that is too high for our ears to hear

• TIMBRE - what we call the quality of the sound

• SONAR - a system that uses high frequency ultrasonic waves

• BIOACOUSTICS - study of sound made by wildlife.