Germany, Italy, and Austri-Hungary allied for protection, forming the Triple Alliance.

France, Britain, and Russia allied for protection, forming the Triple Entente.

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand caused a rise in tensions between European nations.

M = militarism = building up a strong military force to imitate or threaten other nations

A = alliances = agreement between nations to aid/protect one another

N = nationalism = pride in one’s country

I = imperialism = one country takes over another country militarily and economically.

A = assasination = 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Heir to the Austro-Hungary throne

The Allies were France, Great Britain, Russia (exited in 1917), Italy, and the United States (entered in 1917).

Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

America got involved in the war because in 1915 Germany sank the Great Britain Ship the Lusitania, 1000 died including 128 Americans, in 1916 German U-Boat sank a French Passenger Ship and The Zimmerman Telegraph weer three reasons America got involved in the war.

The Zimmerman note was an alleged telegram from Germany to Mexico. It promised Mexivo land in exchange for going to war with the US.

The Zimmerman telegraph was the final straw that put America at war.

Propaganda is information designed to influence opinion. This includes speeches, posters, films, and more.

The War Industries Board coordinated the production of war materials. They told manufacturers what ot produce, distribute raw materials, and set prices.

The Food Administration increased food production; reducing civilian consumption.

The Fuel Administration managed the use do focal and oil to conserve energy (daylight savings time; shortened workweeks; meatless Mondays)

The National War Labor Board established to prevent strikes during waartime, pressured industries to improves wages: 8 hour work days; allowed union to organize and bargain collectively.

The Commitee of Public Info “sold” the war to Americas, influenced public opion and support the war.

The US paid for the war in two ways: raised income/corporate tax rates and liberty bonds, and victory bonds/savings bonds.

The Great Migration was the movement of African Americans between the 1910 and 1920 to NOrthern cities from the south.

The purpose of the Great Migration was so that the African Americans worked and filled up factories to produce war matierls.

The Espionage Act of 1917 was if you gave illegal aid to the enemy, gave false reports, or interfered with war efforts you get heavy fines and long prison terms for those who engaged in antiwar activities.

The Sedition Act of 1918 was the law that made it illegal to critsize thw war and it set heav yfines and long prison terms for those who engaged in anti war activities.

The ruling of “Schneck -v- The US of 1919 was that the 1st amendment doesn't protect speech that creates clear and present danger.

Conscription is forced military service (drafting).

The Selective Sevices Act required all men 21-30 to register for the draft.

The Western Front was the battle line between the countries of France and Germany.

Zeppelins are giant balloons used to drop bombs on the British Warships.

Russia withdrew from WWI to focus on consolidating power and establishing Communist Russia. 

Under Vladimir Lenin’s Bolshevik Russia became a Communist Nation.

To establish peace with Germany, Russia gives up some o ftheir land on the Eastern Front. This is kown as the Treaty of Brest-Litorsk.

John J. “Blackjack” Perching, commander of the US forces during WWI, led the US at the Battle of Argonne Forest. Which is located in Northeastern France.

General Pershing refused to fight alongside the 93rd division so he gave them to the countries of France and Great Britain, who wanted to integrate.

The Battle of the Argonne forest was the turning point in the war. The french and the US held their group which led to Germany’s surrender.

The fighting ended at 11 am on November 11, 1918.

Germany signed an armistice, or a cease-fire, with the Allies.

Woodrow Wilson’s fourteen-point plan for peace was freedom of the seas, free trade, large-scale arms reduction, end to secret treaties, and creation of world-pace organization.

The only one of president Wilson’s fourteen points that Weer adopted was a world peace-keeping organization known as the League of Nations.

The Treaty of Versailles placed total blame for the war on Germany.

The terms of the treay of Versailles were that Germany had to have Germany’s armed forces greatly reduced, take the blame for the war, pay huge preperations to allies, and lose territory.

Three post-war problems were the rising of inflation, race riots, and fear of communism.

Inflation is a rise in the costs of goods while wages regain the same. The loss of value of money.

The cost of living increased. Food was no longer rationed for war. There was a boom in spending. People wanted products but there was a shortage of products. wages didnt increase enough. Prices high, salaries low equals inflation.

Two reasons why returning veterans blamed economic problems on african americwas was because of hte Great migration and since the whites are back home, they wanted their jobs back.

Some ways that americans exhibited frustration/racism after the war was by buring african american homes/shops, when african americans went to white beaches, the national guard was called in and the NAACP surge in membership caused a rise in lynching.

the three major strikes in the US Post-war were the boston police strike, the Gary steel strike and the General strike.

Boston polie strike - 75% of police department went on strike, and all were fired by Gov. Calvin Coolidge (future republican president)

Gary Steel Strike - strike breakers/scabs (african americcans/mezicans) were hired General strike

Genereal stroke - all workers in a community, common tactic used by communist and radical groups in europe. nothing gained except americans worry about communism

Because the Russian Revolution started as a workers revolt, many Americans associated labor strikes to Bolsheviks. The fear that communist was trying to overthrow the U.S. government was known as the Red Scare.

Communism - an economic and political system based on  a single government party, equal distribution of resources, the prohibition of private property, and rule by a dictatorship.

Emergency Quote Act - set up a temporary quota system for immigration. law limited amount of people admitted to the US. provision discriminated against people from southern and eastern europe. people feared communism coming in from parts of europe.

National origins act - allowed unlimited immigration of people from northern and western europe. immigration from mexico was not limited. mexican immigrants fill jobs craeted by reduction of european immigrants.

Sacco and Vanzetti. Italian anarchists that were convicted of robbery and murder despite flimsy evidence. Their execution was symbolic of discrimination against radical beliefs during the red Scare.

Domestic Terrorism. In April 1919 the US post office intervepted 30 bomb packages meant for businessmen. In June, 8 bombs exploded in 8 cities within minutes of each other. One damages the house of United States Attorney General A. Mitchell Pslmer. He then creates the General Intelligence Division in the Justice Department later known as the FBI.

The FBI. Also known as the Federal Bureau of Investigation was led by J Edgar Hoover.

The Palmer Raids. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer orders the raids on the headquarters of various radical organizations. Targeting mostly immigrants, Palmer had thousands arrested and over 500 deported. People had their civil liberties violated.  No chance of attempts to overthrow the government was ever found.