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Basic Listening Skills: Attending, Empathy, and Observing Client Verbal and Nonverbal Behavior

Q: What’s Chapter 3 about?

A: The basics of listening:

  • Attending (how you show you’re paying attention)

  • Empathy (feeling with the client)

  • Observation (noticing what’s really going on)

Q: Why is this chapter important?

A: These skills are the foundation → you can’t do advanced counseling without good listening first.

👀 Attending Skills

Q: What are the 4 parts of attending?

A:

  1. Eye contact 👁

  2. Body language 💃

  3. Voice tone 🎤

  4. Verbal tracking (sticking with client’s story) 🗣

Q: Why adjust attending in different cultures?

A: Because what works in one culture may feel rude or awkward in another.

💜 Empathy

Q: What’s empathy?

A: Showing clients you “get” their feelings + view.

Q: What does empathy do?

A: Builds trust, makes clients feel safe, helps them open up.

👂 Observation

Q: What’s observation?

A: Watching + listening for clues: body language, tone, emotions, contradictions.

Q: Why observe?

A: Helps you notice what’s unsaid and guides your next steps.

🧩 Microskills Pyramid

Q: What’s at the base of the pyramid?

A: Ethics, cultural awareness, and attending behaviors.

Q: Why start with attending?

A: Because without it, nothing else (like questioning or reframing) really works.

🌍 Culture Matters

Q: Why is cultural awareness important in listening?

A: Because meaning changes across cultures → eye contact, silence, personal space can mean very different things.

Q: Example?

A: Eye contact = respect in some cultures, disrespect in others.

🔄 Practice & Self-Check

Q: How can I practice attending?

A: Record yourself → watch for your posture, eye contact, and tone.

Q: How can I practice empathy?

A: Do role-plays, get feedback: “Did you feel heard?”

🤔 Reflect

Q: How might your “default” listening style need to change with different clients?

A: Adjust things like eye contact, silence, or body language.

Q: What’s one time you picked up on a client’s unspoken feelings?

A: Think of a moment where observation told you more than words.