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!Things to go over for final module exam (75 MCQ)!

  1. -Go over the liver function tests.

  2. -Go over the tests for the renal profile.

  3. -Go over the tests for Thyroid. What is TSH? What is the functions of TSH?

  4. -What is electrophoresis? Protein can be separated in how many fractions? (Remember we mentioned in the notes in class -it is 5 fractions).

  5. -What is a reference electrode?

  6. -What is a pH electrode?

  7. -What is photometry?

  8. -What is electrophoresis?

  9. -What is the name of the electrolyte that you can measure sweat for and can also be used to diagnose cystic fibrosis?

  10. -What are the tests for the electrolyte profile?

  11. -Which electrolyte test results can be affected if patient pumps their fist before or during venipuncture?

  12. -When can you get a hemolyzed specimen?

  13. -What is metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis?

  14. -What is respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis?

  15. -What hormones does the pancreas release?

  16. -What are the three hormones produced by the thyroid gland? Which hormone stimulates those three hormones to be produced?

  17. -What is Troponin?

  18. -What is myoglobin?

  19. -Go over the cardiac profile tests.

  20. -Go over the lipid testing profile.

  21. -How long can urea stay the fridge without changes? Go over information about urea.

  22. -If there is a buildup of bilirubin in a newborn it can cause damage to what tissue?

  23. -What is the difference between creatine and creatinine. Go over both of them.

  24. -Go over the creatinine clearance test. What would the result for creatinine clearance be if a patient had a chronic renal disease? Would it be very low or very high? Would the glomerular filtration be working normally?

  25. -Hepatitis means?

  26. -What are buffers?

  27. -What is the anticoagulant used for blood gases? Go over the transport requirement for blood gases. Are they STAT?

  28. -What is FOBT? What is guaiac test?

  29. -Explain the FOBT test? What is it use to screen for? What is the reagent/developer used? What colour does it change to if its positive? Do you apply a thin or thick smear of stool on the window of the card?

  30. -What are the two types of FOBT test available? (Guaiac test and the immunochemical test)-go over the advantages of each type.

  31. -What is TDM? Do we use COC for drug screen? When can a urine drug screening test be done?

  32. -What is the renal threshold?

  33. -What is 24-hour urine? How much amount is collected on average? What is the procedure?

  34. -What is oliguria? Polyuria? Hematuria? Anuria? Diuresis? Hypokalemia? Hyperkalemia?

  35. -What is MSU? What is CCMSU? What is the procedure for both?

  36. -For microbiology, to detect specimens such as microorganisms like E.coli that causes UTI do you collect MSU or CCMSU?

  37. -How we collect catheterized urine specimen? How do we collect urine for a pediatric?

  38. -How do we collect suprapubic urine specimen?

  39. -What is the pH scale? What numbers are acidic, neutral and alkaline?

  40. -If urine is left standing, what will happen to the pH levels?

  41. -Go over the physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine.

  42. -What is specific gravity?

  43. -What are the 10 analytes that are measured in a dipstick method? What is the expected results in a healthy human being?

  44. -What does nitrite measure? What is the difference between nitrate and nitrite?

  45. -How do we use a refractometer? Can we also use a urinometer to measure the specific gravity? What is the method to use them both?

  46. -What do you prepare the urine to examine under the microscope?

  47. -What are the confirmatory tests for glucose, ketones, bilirubin, and protein?

  48. -What is the copper reduction test?

  49. -What is the functional unit of a kidney?

  50. -What organs are part of the urinary system?

  51. -What is urine made of?

  52. -What is the abbreviation of routine urinalysis? (Remember its UA)

  53. -What is spectrophotometer?

  54. -What is reflectance photometry? Does semiautomated urinary dipstick use this technology?

  55. -What is ISE?

  56. -What is Nephelometry? It is used to measure light scatter that is caused by?

  57. -What is flow cytometry?

  58. -If a doctor ordered urinalysis and urine for culture for microbiology as well, which one would you set up first?

  59. -What type of container would we collect CCMSU?

  60. -What part of the day is our urine most concentrated?

  61. -What is OGGT test? What is the procedure? Do you provide urine at specific time too during procedure?

  62. -What Is the lactose tolerance test for?

  63. -What is a 72-hour stool specimen?

  64. -What are the three hormones produced by the urinary system and what are the hormones for?

  65. -How long can urea stay the fridge without changes? Go over information about urea.

  66. -Ammonia smell in the urine is due to?

  67. -What are the other odours we can expect from urine?

  68. -If a urine is very concentrated what can we expect the result for specific gravity be?

  69. -What is the range of specific gravity?

  70. -Name the preservatives we can used for urine specimen

  71. -What is the pH of urine?

  72. -What does the urine for cytology study and what is it trying to diagnose?