Democratization

Process of moving toward a democratic regime.

*C4RUMP

• Competitive Elections (Always start with this).

• Civil Liberties - freedom and protection from government. (which allows participation. Connect back to competitive elections.)

• Civil Society (non-governmental and non-profit organizations that have a presence in public life. EX: Red Cross, a book club).

• Civilian Control of the Military - Prevents coups

• Rule of Law - preventing corruption / bribery

• Unbias / Neutrality of the Judiciary - Separation of powers

• Media that is free

• Political Rights - Right to vote, lobby, participate, run for office, leading to competitive elections.

Consolidated democracies - consistently adhere to the principles of democracy. Talks TIME

Liberal or substantive democracy - Follow most of the principles. May not be a consolidated democracy due to the length of time that it has been truly engaged in the democratic process.

Liberal (talks all) Substantive (talks elections)

Illiberal democracies or procedural democracies - Elections is the only quality that they consistently, or at least appear to consistently follow. Tend to miss other qualities of democracy, including the competitive element in elections.

Democratic Consolidation - Movement toward a democratic regime, people need to be ready to support it to create stability. Democracies for a longtime (same as democratization)

Political Liberalization - A state that progresses from procedural democracy to substantive democracy experience political liberalization.

Economic Liberalization: Move Toward Market Economies

• Similar

  • Both have regular elections

  • Both have similar institutions and structures – constitutions and/or branches of govt. (Executive, Judicial, Legislative)

  • Both have political parties and voting procedures

• Differences

  • Illiberal Elections are not free and definitely not fair (don’t forget the other side – whereas liberal have free, fair and competitive)

  • Liberal have full/large amounts of civil liberties and rights (don’t forget the other side – whereas illiberal have many squashed/many not protected)

  • Differences include civil liberties, rule of law, lack of transparency, lack of accountability, amount control of the media/information by government, amount of C4RUMP that exists…

Command Economy - an economic system in which the central government plays an active role.(Very limited private property) (government ownership = Nationalization) Characteristics of a command economy:

• Central planning

• Central power makes all major economic decisions

• Fixed or government set pricing, distribution, production, control over employment and wages.

• Highly restricted property rights, if any

• State owns most economic resources

• Use of production quotas (3,5,10 year plans)

Market economies- an economic system in which where government plays a limited role. Characteristics:

• Supply and demand determine allocation of resources - focus on profits

• Private property

• Emphasis on competition

Marketization - A process of transforming an entire economy away from a planned economic system and toward greater market based economies. GET THE GOVERNMENT OUT OF THE ECONOMY!!!!!!!!