STARTER:

What is lexis and why should we be interested in it as linguists?

Vocabulary in a language

Reflects the time and how they communicated, helps us understand the context

old-fashioned lexis, archaic lexis, lexis specific to specific dialects

Understand the colloquials one may use

LEXIS AND SEMANTICS

Processes of lexical change: neologism/coinage

Coinage worth paying attention to. Tells us something about the time

TASK

end-scroll: trying to hunt dopamine and scroll is the action

impertia: impatience and ‘tia’ is a smooth sounding suffix

free-sway: free because the action is rhythmic, making the choice not to wash hands, sway is the action

dismissed, disinterested, antisocial

KEYWORDS

BLEND: type of compound where at least a part of the word is left out e.g. alcopop, biopic, smog, breathalyser, staycation, sexting

LOAN WORDS: words we borrow/gain from other cultures e.g. baguette, espresso, karaoke. Sometimes loan words are anglicised; given a more English spelling

COMPOUNDING: compound words are words which see the joining together of two or more existing words into a new word (free morphemes) e.g. bedroom, hailstorm, toolbox

AFFIXATION (morphology): adding a common English prefix or suffix

FUNCTIONAL CONVERSION: when a word changes word class. Noun to verb: google, text, bottle, box. Verb to noun: smell, run. Adjective to noun: green (as in gold green), mobile

CLIPPING: shortening an existing word e.g. advert (advertisement), quote, pub (public house), bus, (telephone) phone

ACRONYM AND INITIALISM: Acronyms- words made from the initial letters of a phrase: scuba, UCAS, radar

INITIALISM: Where each individual letter is voiced e.g. BBC, POC, FBI, CIA

EPONYM: Named after a person e.g. sandwich, biro, hoover

COINAGE: We make up an entirely new word, out of the blue

Inventions are developed or refined and new words enter the language to refer to them. These are often changed versions of existing words e.g. CD comes from Compact Disc read-only Memory

ETYMOLOGY: the history of a word or phrase shown by tracing its development and relationships

TASK 1:

Alcohol- A borrowing from Latin.

Skunk- A borrowing from an Southern New England Algonquian language.

Lottery- Formed within English, by derivation; perhaps originally modelled on a French lexical item, or perhaps originally modelled on a Dutch lexical item.

Potato- A borrowing from Spanish.

Skirt- borrowing from early Scandinavian. Norwegian, Swedish

TASK 2:

TASK 3:

To make a Currey the India way

Includes long ‘s’ substituted for normal s

Nouns are capitalised

During British Raj

Compound words ‘sauce-pan’ and ‘stew-pan’ 1747 Science and technology? ‘Stew-pan’ became archaic

Less descriptive with the measurement compared to the newer instructions. Can now measure things in your own kitchen rather than size of ingredients. Broader context: science developments

F- to instruct, to inform

A- people who aren’t that skilled at cooking but want to learn due to the title of book ‘Cookery made Plain and Easy’ . People who want to learn how to cook other cultures’ food

R- Formal

F- Late Modern English text on how to make an Indian curry

M- Written

No.3 Economical Pot Liquor Soup

F- to instruct, to educate

A- working class women/housewives due to first sentence and title of book?

R- Formal

F-

M- written

wan kai thai-style red curry

F- To instruct

A- BBC worldwide readers, people familiar with the internet who want to cook

R- Mixed/ informal due to informal phrase of ‘in’ to signify trending

F-

M- Written

More modern, compound word ‘non-stick’

Nutrition notes; scientific development

Over the course of time, lexis becomes simpler and standard e.g. ‘tablespoon’ and ‘table-spoonfuls’ and ‘tea spoonful’. Clipping. Simplification process.