Note Feb 10, 2025

Page 1: Animal Cell Components

Plasma Membrane

• The outer boundary of the cell that regulates what enters and exits the cell.

• Provides structure and protection to the cell.

Organelles

• Mitochondria:

  • Powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

• Lysosome:

  • Contains enzymes for digesting cellular waste and macromolecules.

• Nucleus:

  • The control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA).

• Golgi Apparatus:

  • Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport.

Other Components

• Cell Wall (in some cells):

  • Provides additional support and protection; not found in animal cells.

• Ribosome:

  • The site of protein synthesis; can be free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

• Cytoplasm:

  • The gel-like substance within the cell that houses organelles.

Page 2: Prokaryotic Cell Components

Nucleoid Region

• Area within prokaryotic cells where genetic material (DNA) is located; not enclosed by a membrane.

Ribosome

• Responsible for protein synthesis in all cells, including prokaryotic cells.

Cell Membrane

• A barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Note

• Some bacterial cells possess a cell wall for added protection and structure, differing from animal cells which do not have this feature.