5.1: Introduction to Health Psychology

Health psychology: study of how biological, psychological, and social factors influence a person’s physical health and well-being. It’s not only about treating illness but also preventing it by understanding how behaviors, thoughts, and emotions affect health.

• They ask questions like: Why do some people stay healthy despite high stress, while others get sick more often? How do social factors (like community support or cultural norms) influence someone’s health decisions (x: smoking, exercising)?

• Key focus areas:

  • Behavior: Smoking, diet, exercise, and substance-use all strongly affect physical outcomes (x: lung disease, heart disease)

  • Mental Processes: Stress, emotional states (optimism vs, pessimism), coping styles, and mindset can enhance or weaken the immune system.

  • Social Context: Family attitudes, peer pressure, cultural beliefs about illness and wellness, etc.

Stress

• Stress is your body’s and mind’s response to stressors. It can be real (like a looming deadline) or perceived (anxiety