Knowt
Note
Studied by 149 people
7.6 Key Terms
: Adolf Hitler was a German politician who led the Nazi Party. He rose to power as Chancellor in 1933 and later Führer in 1934 ruling Germany during World War II until his suicide in 1945.
: The Allies refers to the coalition of countries that opposed the Central Powers during World War I and II. In World War I, this included nations like France, Russia, and the United Kingdom. In World War II, it expanded to include the United States and China.
: The Anschluss was the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on March 12, 1938.
: Austria is a landlocked country located in Central Europe known for its rich cultural history. In context with AP World History Modern, it played significant roles during both World Wars.
: A system of governance where power is concentrated in the hands of a leader or a small elite group, and citizens have limited political freedoms.
: The coalition headed by Germany, Italy, and Japan that opposed the Allied forces in World War II.
: Belgium is a country located in Western Europe known for its medieval towns. During World War I it was invaded by Germany which led Britain to declare war on Germany.
: He was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism. He ruled Italy as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943.
: Also known as the Tripartite Pact, it was an agreement signed in Berlin on September 27, 1940 by Germany, Italy and Japan where they pledged mutual support to each other thereby forming what is commonly referred to as 'Axis Powers' during World War II.
: Black Tuesday refers to October 29, 1929, when panicked sellers traded nearly 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange (four times the normal amount), and the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell -12%. Black Tuesday is often cited as the beginning of the Great Depression.
: The Central Powers were a group of nations fighting against the Allied Powers during World War I. The main members were Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire (modern-day Turkey), and Bulgaria.
: The Chancellor of Germany is the head of government in Germany. In German politics, they are equivalent to what we would call a prime minister in other countries.
: Conscription is a system where every able-bodied citizen in a country is required to serve in the military for a certain period. It's also known as mandatory military service or draft.
: Czechoslovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the Czech Republic and Slovakia on January 1, 1993.
: This is an economic condition where there's a decrease in general price levels or a negative inflation rate. It often happens when supply is higher than demand.
: Disarmament refers to reducing or eliminating military forces or weapons as part of an agreement between countries.
: The Enabling Act was a 1933 law that gave Adolf Hitler, the German Chancellor at the time, the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag (German Parliament). This effectively made him a dictator.
: European economies refer to all aspects related to production, consumption and trade of goods and services in Europe.
: Fascism is a political ideology that emerged in early 20th-century Europe which seeks to create an autocratic government led by a dictatorial leader, centralized control over private enterprise, suppression of opposition through force, and extreme nationalism.
: A fascist dictatorship is a form of government led by a leader having complete power forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce etc., emphasizing aggressive nationalism and often racism.
: A country located in Western Europe with rich cultural heritage and significant influence on art, science, philosophy, and politics throughout history. Known for its pivotal role during periods like the French Revolution and both World Wars.
: These are areas where German is the primary language spoken by most people. They include Germany, Austria, Switzerland (partially), Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and several other European regions.
: A country in Central Europe, known for its influential role in world history. It has been a key player in events such as the Protestant Reformation, both World Wars, and the Cold War.
: A global economic crisis refers to a period of severe worldwide economic downturn. The most notable example in modern history is the Great Depression of the 1930s.
: The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s. It began in the United States after a major fall in stock prices around September 29, 1929, and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929.
: Adolf Hitler was a German politician and leader of Nazi Germany from 1934-1945 who initiated World War II with his aggressive foreign policies and expansionist ideology.
: Imperialism is a policy or ideology by which a nation extends its power by acquiring territories or establishing economic and political dominance over other nations.
International Trade and Investment
: International trade is an exchange of goods or services across national jurisdictions. Investment refers to capital put into purchasing financial products or assets with an expectation of profit.
: The Interwar Period refers to the time between World War I and World War II (1918-1939). It was marked by significant changes globally including economic depression, rise of totalitarian regimes, technological advancements, etc.
: The Invasion of Ethiopia, also known as the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, was a military conflict that took place from 1935 to 1936. It was initiated by Fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini against the Ethiopian Empire.
Italy's National Fascist Party (PNF)
: A political party ruling Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. This party established totalitarian rule characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of oppositions, strong regimentation of society and economy which came to be known as fascism.
: Japan is an island nation located in East Asia known for its unique culture, technological advancements, strong economy, and historical significance.
: The League of Nations was an international organization established after World War I with the goal of maintaining world peace. However, it failed largely because many major powers did not join or participate effectively.
: A march by which Italian dictator Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party came to power in Italy in October 1922. The march was a coup d'état intended to seize political power.
: Various means of communication that reach or influence people widely, such as newspapers, television, radio, and the internet.
: Militarism is the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
: This refers to the period during the 1930s when Nazi Germany significantly increased its military size and power, violating the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.
: Military spending refers to the financial resources allocated by a nation for maintaining and strengthening its military forces. This includes expenditures on personnel, operations, equipment, and facilities.
: Movies are moving pictures with sound that tell stories or document real events; they're shown on screen primarily in cinemas before being released for home viewing.
: The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers, for which a new territorial designation "Sudetenland" was coined.
: National Sovereignty is the principle that a state has full control over affairs within its territorial boundaries, free from interference by other nations.
: The Nazi Party, officially known as the National Socialist German Workers' Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that existed from 1920 to 1945 and practiced the ideology of Nazism. Its policies led to World War II and the genocide during the Holocaust.
: Newspapers are printed publications that contain news, articles, features, and other written content. They have been a primary method of public communication since the 17th century.
: The Paris Peace Conference was a meeting of the Allied victors following the end of World War I to set peace terms for the defeated Central Powers. It took place in Paris, France, in 1919.
: Poland is a country located in Central Europe known for its rich history. It has been invaded or fought over by various nations throughout history due to its strategic location between Western Europe and Russia.
: This term refers to significant change or disruption in the political and social order of a society or nation.
: Poverty is defined as not having enough material possessions or income for a person's needs. It can be relative or absolute depending on whether it is measured against society's standard or basic human needs respectively.
: Power imbalances refer to situations where one group, nation, or individual has more control, influence, or resources than others. This can lead to inequality and conflict.
: Radio is a technology that allows for the transmission of sound through airwaves. It has been used for entertainment, news broadcasting and emergency communication since its invention in late 19th century.
: Rapid rearmament refers to a swift buildup or increase in military weapons, equipment, or forces by a country. In this context, it refers specifically to Nazi Germany's massive expansion of its armed forces during the mid-to-late 1930s.
: These are compensation payments made after a war by the defeated countries to the victors. They are intended to cover damage or injury inflicted during a war.
: The Rhineland is an area in western Germany along the Rhine River. It was demilitarized as part of Treaty of Versailles following WWI, but remilitarized by Hitler in 1936 against this agreement.
: A secret police force is a law enforcement agency that operates in secrecy and beyond the law to protect the political power of an individual leader or a political regime.
: The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict fought in Spain from 1936 to 1939 between Republicans, who were loyal to the democratic Spanish Republic, and Nationalists, a rebel group led by General Francisco Franco.
: The Sudetenland region refers to the northern, southern, and western areas of Czechoslovakia that were predominantly inhabited by ethnic Germans. This region was annexed by Germany in 1938 as part of Hitler's expansionist policies.
: An ancient symbol used in many cultures around the world for thousands of years. It became infamous as it was adopted by Nazi Germany during World War II as their emblem.
: Territorial disputes refer to conflicts between countries or regions over the ownership or control of land areas.
: Totalitarian regimes are political systems in which the state holds total authority over society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible.
: Trade refers to the exchange of goods, services, or both. Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials into finished products.
: The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed in 1919 that officially ended World War I. It held Germany responsible for the war and imposed heavy penalties, including territorial losses, military restrictions, and reparations.
U.S. Banks and Financial Institutions
: These are organizations that deal with money, including businesses like banks, credit unions, insurance companies, brokerage firms. They play a crucial role in the economy by providing financial services to consumers, businesses and governments.
: Unemployment refers to a situation where people who are willing and able to work cannot find jobs.
: The United Kingdom (UK) is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe, comprising England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
: The War Guilt Clause is a provision in the Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I, which declared Germany and Austria-Hungary responsible for starting the war and required them to pay reparations.
: Youth organizations are associations or clubs for children and adolescents where they learn skills, develop relationships, and participate in activities under adult supervision.
7.6 Key Terms
: Adolf Hitler was a German politician who led the Nazi Party. He rose to power as Chancellor in 1933 and later Führer in 1934 ruling Germany during World War II until his suicide in 1945.
: The Allies refers to the coalition of countries that opposed the Central Powers during World War I and II. In World War I, this included nations like France, Russia, and the United Kingdom. In World War II, it expanded to include the United States and China.
: The Anschluss was the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on March 12, 1938.
: Austria is a landlocked country located in Central Europe known for its rich cultural history. In context with AP World History Modern, it played significant roles during both World Wars.
: A system of governance where power is concentrated in the hands of a leader or a small elite group, and citizens have limited political freedoms.
: The coalition headed by Germany, Italy, and Japan that opposed the Allied forces in World War II.
: Belgium is a country located in Western Europe known for its medieval towns. During World War I it was invaded by Germany which led Britain to declare war on Germany.
: He was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism. He ruled Italy as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943.
: Also known as the Tripartite Pact, it was an agreement signed in Berlin on September 27, 1940 by Germany, Italy and Japan where they pledged mutual support to each other thereby forming what is commonly referred to as 'Axis Powers' during World War II.
: Black Tuesday refers to October 29, 1929, when panicked sellers traded nearly 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange (four times the normal amount), and the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell -12%. Black Tuesday is often cited as the beginning of the Great Depression.
: The Central Powers were a group of nations fighting against the Allied Powers during World War I. The main members were Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire (modern-day Turkey), and Bulgaria.
: The Chancellor of Germany is the head of government in Germany. In German politics, they are equivalent to what we would call a prime minister in other countries.
: Conscription is a system where every able-bodied citizen in a country is required to serve in the military for a certain period. It's also known as mandatory military service or draft.
: Czechoslovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the Czech Republic and Slovakia on January 1, 1993.
: This is an economic condition where there's a decrease in general price levels or a negative inflation rate. It often happens when supply is higher than demand.
: Disarmament refers to reducing or eliminating military forces or weapons as part of an agreement between countries.
: The Enabling Act was a 1933 law that gave Adolf Hitler, the German Chancellor at the time, the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag (German Parliament). This effectively made him a dictator.
: European economies refer to all aspects related to production, consumption and trade of goods and services in Europe.
: Fascism is a political ideology that emerged in early 20th-century Europe which seeks to create an autocratic government led by a dictatorial leader, centralized control over private enterprise, suppression of opposition through force, and extreme nationalism.
: A fascist dictatorship is a form of government led by a leader having complete power forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce etc., emphasizing aggressive nationalism and often racism.
: A country located in Western Europe with rich cultural heritage and significant influence on art, science, philosophy, and politics throughout history. Known for its pivotal role during periods like the French Revolution and both World Wars.
: These are areas where German is the primary language spoken by most people. They include Germany, Austria, Switzerland (partially), Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and several other European regions.
: A country in Central Europe, known for its influential role in world history. It has been a key player in events such as the Protestant Reformation, both World Wars, and the Cold War.
: A global economic crisis refers to a period of severe worldwide economic downturn. The most notable example in modern history is the Great Depression of the 1930s.
: The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s. It began in the United States after a major fall in stock prices around September 29, 1929, and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929.
: Adolf Hitler was a German politician and leader of Nazi Germany from 1934-1945 who initiated World War II with his aggressive foreign policies and expansionist ideology.
: Imperialism is a policy or ideology by which a nation extends its power by acquiring territories or establishing economic and political dominance over other nations.
International Trade and Investment
: International trade is an exchange of goods or services across national jurisdictions. Investment refers to capital put into purchasing financial products or assets with an expectation of profit.
: The Interwar Period refers to the time between World War I and World War II (1918-1939). It was marked by significant changes globally including economic depression, rise of totalitarian regimes, technological advancements, etc.
: The Invasion of Ethiopia, also known as the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, was a military conflict that took place from 1935 to 1936. It was initiated by Fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini against the Ethiopian Empire.
Italy's National Fascist Party (PNF)
: A political party ruling Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. This party established totalitarian rule characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of oppositions, strong regimentation of society and economy which came to be known as fascism.
: Japan is an island nation located in East Asia known for its unique culture, technological advancements, strong economy, and historical significance.
: The League of Nations was an international organization established after World War I with the goal of maintaining world peace. However, it failed largely because many major powers did not join or participate effectively.
: A march by which Italian dictator Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party came to power in Italy in October 1922. The march was a coup d'état intended to seize political power.
: Various means of communication that reach or influence people widely, such as newspapers, television, radio, and the internet.
: Militarism is the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
: This refers to the period during the 1930s when Nazi Germany significantly increased its military size and power, violating the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.
: Military spending refers to the financial resources allocated by a nation for maintaining and strengthening its military forces. This includes expenditures on personnel, operations, equipment, and facilities.
: Movies are moving pictures with sound that tell stories or document real events; they're shown on screen primarily in cinemas before being released for home viewing.
: The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers, for which a new territorial designation "Sudetenland" was coined.
: National Sovereignty is the principle that a state has full control over affairs within its territorial boundaries, free from interference by other nations.
: The Nazi Party, officially known as the National Socialist German Workers' Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that existed from 1920 to 1945 and practiced the ideology of Nazism. Its policies led to World War II and the genocide during the Holocaust.
: Newspapers are printed publications that contain news, articles, features, and other written content. They have been a primary method of public communication since the 17th century.
: The Paris Peace Conference was a meeting of the Allied victors following the end of World War I to set peace terms for the defeated Central Powers. It took place in Paris, France, in 1919.
: Poland is a country located in Central Europe known for its rich history. It has been invaded or fought over by various nations throughout history due to its strategic location between Western Europe and Russia.
: This term refers to significant change or disruption in the political and social order of a society or nation.
: Poverty is defined as not having enough material possessions or income for a person's needs. It can be relative or absolute depending on whether it is measured against society's standard or basic human needs respectively.
: Power imbalances refer to situations where one group, nation, or individual has more control, influence, or resources than others. This can lead to inequality and conflict.
: Radio is a technology that allows for the transmission of sound through airwaves. It has been used for entertainment, news broadcasting and emergency communication since its invention in late 19th century.
: Rapid rearmament refers to a swift buildup or increase in military weapons, equipment, or forces by a country. In this context, it refers specifically to Nazi Germany's massive expansion of its armed forces during the mid-to-late 1930s.
: These are compensation payments made after a war by the defeated countries to the victors. They are intended to cover damage or injury inflicted during a war.
: The Rhineland is an area in western Germany along the Rhine River. It was demilitarized as part of Treaty of Versailles following WWI, but remilitarized by Hitler in 1936 against this agreement.
: A secret police force is a law enforcement agency that operates in secrecy and beyond the law to protect the political power of an individual leader or a political regime.
: The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict fought in Spain from 1936 to 1939 between Republicans, who were loyal to the democratic Spanish Republic, and Nationalists, a rebel group led by General Francisco Franco.
: The Sudetenland region refers to the northern, southern, and western areas of Czechoslovakia that were predominantly inhabited by ethnic Germans. This region was annexed by Germany in 1938 as part of Hitler's expansionist policies.
: An ancient symbol used in many cultures around the world for thousands of years. It became infamous as it was adopted by Nazi Germany during World War II as their emblem.
: Territorial disputes refer to conflicts between countries or regions over the ownership or control of land areas.
: Totalitarian regimes are political systems in which the state holds total authority over society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible.
: Trade refers to the exchange of goods, services, or both. Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials into finished products.
: The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed in 1919 that officially ended World War I. It held Germany responsible for the war and imposed heavy penalties, including territorial losses, military restrictions, and reparations.
U.S. Banks and Financial Institutions
: These are organizations that deal with money, including businesses like banks, credit unions, insurance companies, brokerage firms. They play a crucial role in the economy by providing financial services to consumers, businesses and governments.
: Unemployment refers to a situation where people who are willing and able to work cannot find jobs.
: The United Kingdom (UK) is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe, comprising England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
: The War Guilt Clause is a provision in the Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I, which declared Germany and Austria-Hungary responsible for starting the war and required them to pay reparations.
: Youth organizations are associations or clubs for children and adolescents where they learn skills, develop relationships, and participate in activities under adult supervision.
