RB

Yaey

  1. economy- the wealth and resources of a nation and how they are managed

  2. free enterprise/market economy-  an economy in which individuals  have the right to own businesses and make money with little government interference

  1. entrepreneur- a risk-taking business person

  2. capital- the equipment, factories, or money used to produce goods or services.

  3. profit- to make money

  4. agribusiness- farm related business such as crops and cattle

  5. petroleum industry-  the production and distrubtion of oil and natural gas

8. supply and demand- When supply of a product goes up, the price of a product goes and demand for the product can rise because it costs loss.

9. boom/ bust cycle-  a cycle of intense highs and lows

10. diversification- increasing the variety of product

11. petrochemicals- chemicals or products made from petroleum such as rubber, synthetic fibers, plastics, and cosmetics

  • How did the state of Texas encourage the growth of railroads in Texas? Population growth?

  • TX encouraged growth by providing land grants. 

  • Sold land to farmers and ranchers.

  • How might the growth of railroads have spurred the growth of other Texas industries?

  • Railroad expansion brought more settlers to TX which resulted in growth of major cities and businesses.  With the population boom, additional industries moved in to support the citizens in the newly developed towns and cities.

Read pages 519-521 (Chapter 20, Lesson 3) and answer the following questions:

  • Why did James Hogg work so hard to regulate the railroad industry?

  • Hogg wanted to end corruption in business and government in TX.  As the state attorney general, he supported social reforms aimed at improving the lives of Texans.   He lobbied for state antitrust laws primarily targeting the RR that were controlling rates and organizations controlling the cotton market.  As governor, he asked the legislature to create a state agency to regulate RR and stop their unfair practices.  He was successful in passing several laws:  establishing the RR Commission, protecting the value of stocks for investors, and requiring RR to sell the public lands they were given by the state.

  • What is the purpose of the Texas Railroad Commission?

  • The TXRC set rates for the railroads and watched over their practices to make sure they were fair for the citizens.

  • This political cartoon is found in the textbook and was created before the business reform laws were passed. What do you think is the message of the cartoon and why?

  • The cartoon shows the power of the RR and the unfair and dangerous practices they used.

Beginning of the Oil Industry in Texas

  • Watch “The Story of Us” video and take notes. 

  • Next read pages 529-534 in the textbook  to complete the rest of this graphic organizer.

What was Spindletop?  Where was it located in Texas?

  • A hill near Beaumont

  • located in SE TX

  • most productive oil well at the time

  • oil discovered in 1901

  • produced almost 18 million barrels by 1902

Define boomtown: 

  • A town that experiences sudden growth in population and business.

List the Positive Consequences of Oil Discovery

  • population growth

  • brought more money into the towns and cities

  • well developed RR network

  • growth of lumber industry

  • improvement and protection of workers’ rights with creation of workmen’s compensation

List the Negative Consequences of Oil Discovery

  • boomtowns were often lawless, dirty, and crowded

  • towns often disappeared when the boom ended

  • workers were often controlled by the companies and had few rights

What were the consequences to towns as a result of the oil discoveries?

  • populations swelled

  • rural streets turned to bogs because of damage from heavy trucks

  • rail lines were built

  • leaks in oil tanks polluted streams and waterways

  • crime and disease were prevalent

  • TX government sent TX Rangers to some towns to restore law and order

  • towns often disappeared when the boom ended

What other industries and cities benefited from the oil boom in Texas?

  • Houston became a center of oil business

  • Dallas became a commercial center, manufactured goods and cotton were shipped by rail

  • Companies from the North and East setup branches in TX cities

  • Fort Worth - meat packing

  • Port Arthur - oil refining and shipping

  • El Paso - mining and refining of copper, lead, gold, and silver

  • lumber industry boomed because of construction

  • need for law practices, banking, accountants, and business executives grew because of the booming businesses

1

Popular Sovereignty 

“Popular” = people.

“Sovereignty” comes from “sovereign” = ruler.

Popular sovereignty means the people rule.

2

Limited Power of Government

We, as in “we the people”, give the government power… but not too much power.

3

Federalism

Federalism is the sharing of powers between the state and national government. Some powers are state powers, some national, and some are shared.

National Powers

maintain armed forces

coin money

declare war

establish foreign policy

State Powers

maintain schools

marriage and divorce laws

conduct elections

regulate trade within the state

Shared powers

raise taxes

charter banks

provide for the public welfare

administer criminal justice

4

Separation of Powers

Separating powers guards against putting too much power in the hands of a few people.


Legislative- makes laws

Executive- sees that laws are carried out

Judicial- decides if laws are fair

5

Checks and Balances

Each branch of government can check, or control, the power of the other two branches, so there is a balance of power.

Congress has the power to pass laws... but the president can veto laws. However, Congress can check the president’s power by overriding, or canceling, the veto.

The Supreme Court can overrule laws that are unconstitutional.

Legislature can impeach a president.

6

Republicanism 

Republicanism is a philosophy of limited government in which elected representatives serve at the will of the people.

7

Individual Rights

Individual rights are the basic liberties and rights that are guaranteed in the first 10 amendments  to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights.