Figures and Maps related to slavery and secession

Figure 1.5

• An 1852 engraving by H.S. Sadd titled "Union" depicts key legislators responsible for the Missouri Compromise.

Figure 1.6

• A cartoon from late 1850 responds to the Fugitive Slave Bill, which was part of the Compromise of 1850.
• Bo-Peep represents the Union in the cartoon.
• Seven sheep are shown fleeing into a forest with wolves, symbolizing the secessionist states.
• Palmetto trees represent South Carolina, the leading secessionist state.
• Wolves wearing crowns represent European powers, with a caption stating: "If we can only get them separated from the flock, we can pick their bones at our leisure."
• Some of Bo-Peep's remaining flock are labeled Virginia and Kansas.
• An old dog named "Hickory" lies dead in the grass, while another dog named "Old Buck" is present.
• Bo-Peep calls: "Sic ‘em Buck! sic ‘em! I wish poor old Hickory was alive. He’d bring ‘em back in no time."
• 'Buck' refers to President James Buchanan.
• "Old Hickory" was the nickname of former Democratic President Andrew Jackson, who was seen as a champion of a strong federal union.

Figure 1.7

• A map illustrating some of the routes of the Underground Railroad.

Figure 1.8

• A print of an anti-Fugitive Slave Act protest, the Christiana Riot, which took place in September 1851.
• The print is from The Underground Railroad Records, a description of the Underground Railroad written by abolitionist William Still.
• William Still based his book on secret records he kept as he helped slaves escape to the North.

Figure 1.9

• A contemporary illustration of the Boston Slave Riot, entitled ‘Marshal’s Posse with Burns moving down State Street’.
• Published in Anthony Burns, A History by Charles Emery Stevens, 1856.

Figure 1.10

• Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper’s front-page coverage of the Dred Scott case, 27 June 1857.

Figure 1.11

• Engraving of John Brown’s raid on the Confederate arsenal at Harpers Ferry.

Figure 1.12

• A map showing the states’ votes in the 1860 presidential election.

Figure 1.13

• A map showing the order of secession of slave states.
• Includes border slave states that did not secede, states that seceded after Fort Sumter, and states that seceded before Fort Sumter.

Figure 1.14

• Map outlining proposed demarcations under the Crittenden Compromise, 1860–61.
• Depicts free states, slave states, territories open to slavery, and territories closed to slavery.
• Includes the proposed division at 36° 30' N latitude.

Figure 1.15

• A 19th-century illustration of the attack on Fort Sumter, April 12 and 13, 1861, which was the first battle in the US Civil War.