Basic_Electronis

Chapter 1: Basic Electronic Skills

1.1 Introduction to the Unit

• Unit Purpose: Specify competencies required to demonstrate basic electronic skills.

• Key Topics Covered:

  • Identification of electric circuits

  • Electronic components

  • Semi-conductor theory

  • Memory classification

  • Number systems

  • Emerging trends in electronics

1.2 Summary of Learning Outcomes

1. Identify electric circuits.

2. Identify electronic components.

3. Understand semiconductor theory.

4. Identify and classify memory.

5. Apply number systems.

6. Emerging trends in electronics.

1.2.1 Learning Outcome 1: Identify Electrical Circuits

1.2.1.1 Introduction to Learning Outcome

• Definition: An electrical circuit is a closed path for transmitting electric current.

• Basic Quantities and Units:

  • EMF (Voltage): Volts

  • Current: Amperes

  • Power: Watts

  • Energy: Joules

  • Resistance: Ohms

• Types of Electrical Circuits:

  • Simple AC circuits: Circuits where alternating current is used.

  • Simple DC circuits: Circuits with direct current.

1.2.1.2 Performance Standards

1. Identify electrical circuits correctly.

2. Identify electrical quantities and their units accurately.

3. Differentiate between various types of electrical circuits.

1.2.2 Learning Outcome 2: Identify Electronic Components

1.2.2.1 Introduction to Learning Outcome

• Key Components:

  • Resistor

  • Capacitor

  • Diode

  • Inductor

• Classification of Components:

  • Active Components: Can generate energy (e.g. transistors, batteries).

  • Passive Components: Cannot generate energy but can control the flow of electrons (e.g. resistors, capacitors).

1.2.3 Learning Outcome 3: Understand Semiconductor Theory

1.2.3.1 Introduction to Learning Outcome

• Definition of Semiconductors:

  • Manage and control electric current flow (between conductors and insulators).

• Types of Semiconductor Materials:

  • Silicon (Si)

  • Germanium (Ge)

1.2.3.2 Key Topics

• P-Type and N-Type Materials:

  • P-Type: Positive charge carriers (holes).

  • N-Type: Negative charge carriers (electrons).

1.2.4 Learning Outcome 4: Identify and Classify Memory

1.2.4.1 Introduction to Learning Outcome

• Definition of Memory: Physical device to store data temporarily or permanently.

• Types of Memory:

  • Primary Memory: Volatile (e.g. RAM) and non-volatile (e.g. ROM).

  • Secondary Memory: Hard drives, USBs, etc.

1.2.5 Learning Outcome 5: Apply Number Systems and Binary Coding

1.2.5.1 Introduction to Learning Outcome

• Types of Number Systems:

  • Decimal (Base-10)

  • Binary (Base-2)

  • Octal (Base-8)

  • Hexadecimal (Base-16)

1.2.5.2 Binary Arithmetic Operations

• Operations:

  • Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division

  • Methods for performing operations in binary systems.

1.2.6 Learning Outcome 6: Emerging Trends in Electronics

1.2.6.1 Introduction to Learning Outcome

• Description of Emerging Trends:

  • Growth in smart device integration; focus on product design outsourcing.

  • Robotics and automation improving production efficiency.

1.2.6.2 Challenges in Electronics

• Key Challenges:

  • Shrinking margins due to global competition.

  • Complex global supply chain management.

1.2.6.3 Coping Strategies

• Implementing Digital Technologies: Use big data analytics to optimize supply chains.

Tools, Equipment, Supplies, and Materials

• Tools Needed:

  1. Screwdrivers

  2. Pliers

  3. Wire cutters

  4. Wire strippers

  5. Clamps

  6. Vises

• Equipment:

  • Voltmeter, ohmmeter, ammeter, multimeter, power supplies, LCR meter.

• Materials:

  • Circuits, semiconductor materials, conductors (copper, gold, silver), insulators (rubber, glass, mica).

References

1. Wempen, F. (2014). Computing fundamentals: Introduction to computers. John Wiley & Sons.

2. Hamacher, C., Vranesic, Z., & Zaky, S. (2002). Computer organization. McGraw-Hill.