Risk factors:
combination of internal and external factors contribute to the likelihood of developing a mental disorders (biopsychosocial)
4P
are four types of influences that contribute to mental disorders
Predisposing factors:
Increase the susceptibility (but does not mean that individual has mental disorder, more like a background)
genetics
environmental exposures before birth (alchohol drugs)
chronic social stressor- circumstances during childhood, bullying, parental neglect
brain chemistry
ongoing chronic health condition
Precipitating factors:
increase susceptibility and occurrence of a specific mental disorder. Immediate factors or events that triggers the feeling of symptoms(usually precedes onset of mental disorder)
Perpetuating factors:
maintaining occurrence and prohibits recovery from mental disorders, causing symptoms to continue or worsen
exposure to stress
relationship difficulties
drugs
physical illness
personal karakteristik - poor coping skills
Protective factors:
Guard against onset or relapse by supporting a person’s general wellbeing
supporting family and friends
access to social support
good diet
maintaining good sleep patterns
resilience
high level of self esteem
ability to recognise early signs of relapse
→ minimise impact of risk factors
Risk factors vs Protective factors:
Risk factors are a combination of internal or external factors that can be biological, social or psychological which increase the likelihood of an individual to develop a mental disorder where as Protective factors are factors that guard against the onset or relapse of a mental disorder and minimises the impact of risk factors.