MP

Mental Health Disorders (4P Factor Model)

Risk factors:

combination of internal and external factors contribute to the likelihood of developing a mental disorders (biopsychosocial)

4P

are four types of influences that contribute to mental disorders
Predisposing factors:

Increase the susceptibility (but does not mean that individual has mental disorder, more like a background)

  • genetics

  • environmental exposures before birth (alchohol drugs)

  • chronic social stressor- circumstances during childhood, bullying, parental neglect

  • brain chemistry

  • ongoing chronic health condition

Precipitating factors:

increase susceptibility and occurrence of a specific mental disorder. Immediate factors or events that triggers the feeling of symptoms(usually precedes onset of mental disorder)

Perpetuating factors:

maintaining occurrence and prohibits recovery from mental disorders, causing symptoms to continue or worsen

  • exposure to stress

  • relationship difficulties

  • drugs

  • physical illness

  • personal karakteristik - poor coping skills

Protective factors:

Guard against onset or relapse by supporting a person’s general wellbeing

  • supporting family and friends

  • access to social support

  • good diet

  • maintaining good sleep patterns

  • resilience

  • high level of self esteem

  • ability to recognise early signs of relapse

→ minimise impact of risk factors

Risk factors vs Protective factors:

Risk factors are a combination of internal or external factors that can be biological, social or psychological which increase the likelihood of an individual to develop a mental disorder where as Protective factors are factors that guard against the onset or relapse of a mental disorder and minimises the impact of risk factors.