Reproductive System 11-15

Flashcards – Pregnancy, Hormones, and Contraception (Part 3)

1.

Q: What causes the LH/FSH surge during ovulation?

A: High levels of estrogen.

2.

Q: What are the three phases of the uterine cycle?

A: Menstrual phase, Proliferative phase, and Secretory phase.

3.

Q: What happens in the secretory phase of the uterine cycle?

A: The endometrium is enriched to prepare for embryo implantation.

4.

Q: What is the gestation period?

A: The development of the fetus in utero from fertilization to birth.

5.

Q: What is conception?

A: The time of fertilization.

6.

Q: What is the embryo stage?

A: Fertilization to week 8 of gestation.

7.

Q: What is the fetus stage?

A: Week 9 to birth.

8.

Q: What does FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) do?

A: It helps mature ovarian follicles and is produced by the pituitary gland.

9.

Q: What does LH (Luteinizing Hormone) do?

A: It stimulates ovulation and is produced by the pituitary gland.

10.

Q: What is a morula?

A: A solid ball of cells formed 3 days after fertilization.

11.

Q: What is a blastocyst?

A: A hollow structure that implants into the endometrium around day 7.

12.

Q: Where is the uterus at 4 months of pregnancy?

A: Halfway between the pubic symphysis and the umbilicus.

13.

Q: Where is the uterus at 9 months of pregnancy?

A: The fundus reaches the xiphoid process.

14.

Q: What are mammary glands?

A: Modified sweat glands that produce milk.

15.

Q: Do males have mammary glands?

A: Yes, but they are nonfunctional.

16.

Q: What hormone causes uterine contractions during labor?

A: Oxytocin.

17.

Q: What are the 3 stages of labor?

A: Dilation, Expulsion (delivery of infant), and Placental delivery.

18.

Q: What male contraceptive prevents sperm transport?

A: Vasectomy.

19.

Q: What female contraceptive prevents ovulation?

A: Birth control pills, patches, or vaginal rings.

20.

Q: How does an IUD like Mirena work?

A: It thickens cervical mucus, thins the uterine lining, and inhibits sperm movement.