Gunita ng Himagsikan

Overview of Philippine History

• Focus on writings by Emilio Aguinaldo regarding the Philippine Revolution.

• Discussion of the period from 1896 to 1898.

• The course will cover key chapters from Aguinaldo's memoirs.

Philippine Revolution (1896-1898)

• Spain ruled the Philippines for 333 years, leading to significant abuses against the Filipino people.

• The period saw oppression from both the colonial government and the frailocracy, which intertwined the state and the church.

• Aguinaldo mentions the need to shake off oppressive rule, marking the beginning of the revolution in Manila and Cavite.

Key Publications

• Liberal Diary: Published in 1964, translated in 1967, containing Aguinaldo’s personal accounts.

• Full details of the 49 chapters narrate events surrounding the revolution, emphasizing personal memory and historical context.

Political Developments During the Revolution

• Discussion of various political structures, including the tension between monarchical and republican forms of government.

• Importance of elections and leadership roles during the revolutionary period.

Internal Conflicts and Allegations

• Mention of an anonymous letter accusing Aguinaldo of plotting to surrender to General Lacambre, the Governor-General.

• Internal conflicts within the revolutionary camp, including the actions of Andres Bonifacio and his brothers.

• Aguinaldo highlights the betrayals and mismanagement leading to a fragmented revolutionary effort.

Aguinaldo's Response to Allegations

• Aguinaldo aimed to address and clarify accusations against him regarding the military agreement and failures of leadership.

• Stress on the importance of accountability and completing the revolution’s objectives.

Conclusion

• Reflection on the difficulties faced by Aguinaldo and the revolutionary forces.

• Emphasis on the unity of purpose among revolutionaries, despite internal strife.

• Aim to set the record straight regarding historical narratives of the Philippine Revolution.