PS exam 3 study set

IGOS, NGOS, Global Gov 2/26/2025

Why are IGOS & NGOS good?

1.        They do “Good work”

2.        Not gov’t helps with mistrust in govs

3.        Better world, benefit developing countries

4.        Facilitate communication

5.        Democratic?

6.        Participation and representation

7.        Follow int’l law

8.        Legitimacy

What are some downsides to IGOS and NGOS:

1.        NGOS are more often comprised of rich individuals that value money over helping the world

2.        IGOS in particular because they focus on such a large group of countries they often become timid is making hard decisions that conflict the ideal of their members

3.        World Bank

a.        “Strings attached”

b.        Preconditioned loan requirements

c.        Washington Consensus

d.        Beijing consensus

4.        Neo-Colonialism

5.        Cultural

6.        Social

Global governance (W/W):

a.        How is power used?

b.        Who uses the power?

c.        How complex is the system?

d.        How has the configuration of power changed over time?

What is Global Govs?

-              Everything = nothing

-              Essentially contested subject

-              Evolved in 1990s

Murphy:

1.        Non-system

2.        Geography

3.        Industrial revolution

Int’l Law

-              Primary rules – what you can’t or must do

-              Secondary rules – how primary rules are created

-              Problems

-              Imprecise

-              Created out of self interest

-              Weak enforcement (non-exist) - power matters

Int’l Law

-              Hard vs. soft law

o   Hard law: often strict and more concrete

o   Soft law: Aspirational goals

-              Customary Int’l law

o   Softer than soft law, customs of past actions by states

o   Example: diplomatic immunity

-              Norms

o   More basic

Variance in IL

a.        Obligation

b.        Precision

c.        Delegation

Private governance:

-              Non state actors entering international law and competing with states for the creation of laws

Climate change:

Problems in IR regarding fighting climate change:

a.        sovereignty

b.        Who gets the resources

c.        Security

d.        Security/relative gains

e.        Free rider problem

f.           When will it affect me

g.         How/scope of effect

h.        How much did it cost me?

i.            Anarchy

j.            Time horizons

k.         Culture, religion, ideology

l.           Uncertainty, complexity

Solutions:

a.        Regulation

b.        Private property rights

c.        Number of actors decline

d.        Iteration + issue linkage

e.        Bundled goods

f.           CBDR/new norms

a.        Common But differentiated responsibilities

Exam study set:

Everything covered in the last 2 weeksish and what is noted today

PAPER NOTES:

-              Make every word count

-              Support/evidence

-              Theoretical framework

o   Support

-              No need for introduction

1970s:

Mercantilism:

Era of mercantilism takes places during the 1800s. Mercantilism is when politics was being reinforced by economics. Economic fueled political goals and gains. Also, can be referred to as economic realism. The economy is a extension of the government for foreign policy

Protectionism is an economic policy that limits imports from other countries. The goal is to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.

Comparative advantage: The idea that because certain countries are better are producing certain things they should specialize in it. Trade between countries/states can be beneficial because of this.

IFI (international financial institutions) + BWI (Bretton Woods institutions)

-              WB

-              IMF

-              WTO

-              To create a stronger global economy to keep the issue in WWII to prevent WWIII

-              BC vs. WC

o   No strings

-              Private property right

-              Practisitation

-              Strong institution

Int’l development:

-              Domestic interests: a group of people using to resources to accomplish their own personal goal at the expense of others around them

-              Geography

-              Colonial legacies/history

-              Institutional quality