AP PSYCH 2.8 The Adaptable Brain

Psychoactive Drugs

• Psychoactive drugs are chemical substances used to alter one’s perception, mood, or consciousness
• Often associated with physical and psychological dependence

Depressants

Effects

• These are drugs that reduce neural activity
• Slowing body functions, “depressing” the body

Examples

• Sleeping pills
• Tranquilizers
• Alcohol

Opioids

Effects

• Depressant effect
• Pain relief
    * An agonist for endorphins

Examples

• Morphine
• Oxycodone
• Heroine
• Codeine

Stimulants

Effects

• Drugs that excite neural activity
• They speed up bodily functions, “stimulating” the body

Examples

• Caffeine
• Nicotine
• Amphetamines
• Cocaine

Hallucinogens

Effects

• Also called psychedelics
• They distort perceptions
• Evoke hallucinations
    * Sensations in the absence of sensory input

Examples

• LSD
    * Lysergic acid diethylamide
• Marijuana
    * One of many effects
    * THC is the active component