Mechanical Eng.1
Page 1: Personal Information
Assoc. Prof. Tahany William Sadak
Production Engineering and Design Department
Faculty of Engineering, Beni–Suef University, Beni–Suef, Egypt.
Fields of expertise: Mechanical Engineering
Page 2: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering
Topics Covered:
Introduction to Mechanical Engineering
Materials Engineering
Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical Properties and Specifications of Materials
Crystal Structure of Metals and Alloys
Course Code: MTE102
Page 3: Testing and Materials
Institutions involved: October 6 University
Key Areas:
Mechanical Testing of Metallic Materials
Electrical Properties of Materials
Polymer Materials
Composite Materials
Page 4: Course Content in Arabic
مواد الهندسة وأساسيات الهندسة الميكانيكية
الخواص الميكانيكية للمواد ومواصفاتها
التركيب البللورى للمعادن والسبائك
االاختبارات الميكانيكية للمواد المعدنية
الخواص الكهربية للمواد
مواد البووليمر
المواد المركبة
Page 5: Machine Design Process
Designing Machines:
Development of new and improved machines
Improving existing machines
Requirements for Machine Design:
Good knowledge of mechanical engineering principles
Strong foundation in Mathematics
Understanding of Engineering Mechanics
Resources Needed:
Money, manpower, materials
Focus on economical designs
Page 6: Stress and Strength of Materials
Symbols and Concepts:
Stress (σ = F/A)
Yield and fracture points in materials
Linear and non-linear stress-strain relationships
Page 7: Copyright and Workshop Practices
Copyrighted Material:
Reference to third edition Elsevier materials
Workshop practices:
Engineering Drawing
Page 8: Classifications of Machine Design
Adaptive Design
Modifying existing designs into new ideas
Development Design
New Design
Page 9: General Considerations in Machine Design
Important Factors:
Type of load and stresses caused
Motion and kinematics of parts
Material selection:
Strength, flexibility, heat and corrosion resistance
Ability to be cast, welded, or hardened
Machinability and electrical conductivity
Motion Types:
Rectilinear, curvilinear, constant or variable acceleration
Page 10: Additional Machine Design Considerations
Aspects to Consider:4. Form and size of machine parts5. Friction and lubrication6. Economic features7. Use of standard parts8. Safety in operation9. Workshop facilities10. Production quantity decision11. Construction costs12. Assembly needs
Page 11: Assembly Line Concept
Introduction to assembly line concepts
Page 12: General Procedure in Machine Design
Need or Aim
Synthesis of mechanisms
Force Analysis
Material Selection
Design of machine elements (size & stress)
Modifications
Detailed drawing
Production planning
Page 13: Units of Measurement
Fundamental Units
Derived Units
System of Units
S.I. Units (International System of Units)
Page 14: Fundamental & Supplementary Units
Physical Quantity | Unit |
|---|---|
Length | Metre (m) |
Mass | Kilogram (kg) |
Time | Second (s) |
Temperature | Kelvin (K) |
Electric Current | Ampere (A) |
Luminous Intensity | Candela (cd) |
Amount of Substance | Mole (mol) |
Plane Angle | Radian (rad) |
Solid Angle | Steradian (sr) |
Page 15: Derived Units
Quantity | Symbol | Units |
|---|---|---|
Linear Velocity | V | m/s |
Linear Acceleration | a | m/s² |
Angular Velocity | rad/s | |
Angular Acceleration | rad/s² | |
Mass Density | ρ | kg/m³ |
Force, Weight | F, W | N; 1N = 1kg-m/s² |
Pressure | P | N/m² |
Work, Energy, Enthalpy | W, E, H | J; 1J = 1N-m |
Power | P | W; 1W = 1J/s |
Absolute Viscosity | N-s/m² | |
Kinematic Viscosity | V | m²/s |
Gas Constant | R | J/kg·K |
Thermal Conductance | h | W/m²·K |
Thermal Conductivity | k | W/m·K |
Specific Heat | c | J/kg·K |
Molar Mass/Molecular Mass | M | kg/mol |
Page 16: Prefixes Used in Basic Units
Prefix | Abbreviation | Factor |
|---|---|---|
Tera | T | 10¹² |
Giga | G | 10⁹ |
Mega | M | 10⁶ |
Kilo | k | 10³ |
Hecto | h | 10² |
Deca | da | 10¹ |
Deci | d | 10⁻¹ |
Centi | c | 10⁻² |
Milli | m | 10⁻³ |
Micro | µ | 10⁻⁶ |
Nano | n | 10⁻⁹ |
Pico | p | 10⁻¹² |
Page 17: Mass and Weight
Relations:
Weight (W) = mass (m) × gravitational acceleration (g)
Example: For a mass of 100 kg, the gravitational force is 981 N.
Page 18: Laws of Motion
1st Law: An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force (Law of Inertia).
2nd Law: The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force (F = m.a).
3rd Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Page 19: Force and Momentum
Momentum = Mass × Velocity
Changes in momentum computed over time:
Example given for mass, initial and final velocities.
Page 20: Force Calculation
The calculations derived from F = m.a
Example forces including units demonstrated.
Page 21: Units of Force
Absolute and gravitational units of force:
Conversion references between units (e.g., N, lb, kg).
Page 22: Weight of a Body
Weight defined as the force due to gravity on a mass, example calculation for a mass of 100 kg.
Page 23: Moment of Force
Moment of a force = F × distance (l)
Definition of a couple moment.
Page 24: Moments
Comparison of anti-clockwise and clockwise moments illustrated with an example calculation.
Page 25: Mass Density of Materials
Table showcasing common materials and their mass densities.
Page 26: Moment of Inertia
Definitions regarding moment of inertia and its calculation either about a given axis or using the parallel axis theorem.
Page 27: Angular Momentum and Torque
Definitions provided for angular momentum and torque related to mass moment of inertia and angular velocity.
Page 28: Work Calculation
Work done (W) is related to force (F) and displacement (d).
Description of work done under varying conditions, mechanical work on a trolley example.
Torque's relationship with work in rotational systems.
Page 29: Power Calculation
Definitions and calculations related to power with factors of time and work input/output efficiency mentioned.
Page 30: Energy Types
Potential Energy: Formula given and relevant parameters explained.
Strain Energy: Explained through specific examples related to torsional springs.
Page 31: Kinetic Energy Calculation
Definitions and formulas related to kinetic energy (with focus on rotational dynamics).
Page 32: Energy Conservation
Total kinetic energy calculation in moving and rotating scenarios, Law of Conservation of Energy principles explained.
Page 33: Energy Forms Transformation
Kinetic Energy Accumulation in rotating bodies
Comparison of linear and angular motions in energy calculations.
Page 34: Law of Conservation of Energy
Description of energy transformation without creation/destruction.
Work done is converted into different forms, including kinetic, potential, and strain energy.
Page 35: Energy Visualization
Diagram explaining potential energy, kinetic energy, and points in motion (e.g., swing).
Page 36: Classification of Engineering Materials
Categories of engineering materials:
Metals
Composites
Ceramics
Organic materials and Glass
Polymers
Page 37: Crystalline Solids Structure
Crystalline structures focusing on atoms and phases (White tin / Gray tin).
Page 38: Processing, Structure, and Properties
Overview of the relationship between processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials.
Page 39: Material Properties
Properties related to strength, stiffness, plasticity, ductility, brittleness, and hardness noted.
Page 40: Stress-Strain Curve
Illustration of stress-strain behavior for mild steel, including yield points.
Page 41: Failure in Materials
Overview of failure implications in material properties and stress-strain behavior analysis.
Page 42: Questions
An invitation for questions regarding the content covered.
Page 43: Conclusion
Thank you note concluding the material presented.