Chapter Three

Pronunciation

• Accent marks are called: el acento

• All Spanish words with more than one syllable have a stressed vowel

• Not all words have an accent mark

Las palabras ‘llanas’ (-n -s)

• No accent

• Stress at second to last syllable

Las palabras ‘agudas’ (-d -l -r)

• Sometimes has an accent

• Stress on the last syllable

Describing

• Indefinite: los, las, el, la

• Definite: unos, unas, un , una

Adjectives ending in -o and -a

• Endings have to agree in GENDER AND NUMBER

Adjectives ending in -e and -l

• Gender does not change

• Singular: -e -l

• Plural: -es -les

Adjectives ending in -ista

• Gender does not change

• Singular: -ista

• Plural: -istas

Types of Adjectives

Descriptive Adjectives

• Nationalities

• Colors

• Qualities

• Characteristics

• NOUN > ADJECTIVE

Adjectives of Quantity and Possession

• Quantity

• Numbers

• Yours, Mine

• ADJECTIVE > NOUN

Bueno, Buen, Malo, Mal

• Change meaning depending on placement

• ADJECTIVE > NOUN or NOUN > ADJECTIVE

• Before Noun > Buen, Mal

• After Noun > Bueno, Malo

• GRAN > NOUN | Great, Impressive

• NOUN > GRANDE | Large, Big in size

Este y Eso “These and That”

• Singular: -e -a

• Plural: -os -as

• Esta: Feminine

• Este: Masculine

• Esto: Neutral (unidentified)

• Tan: Emphasized

• Así de: size Indication

Tener (to have)

• (Yo) Tengo: I have

• (Tú) Tienes: you have

• (Ud.) Tiene: you have (formal)

• (Nos) Tenemos: we have

Ser (to be) “permanent”

• Used for things that don’t usually change

• Soy: I am

• Eres: you are

• Es: she/he Is

• Somos: we are

• Son: they are

• Personality, Nationality, Profession, Religion, Size, Shape, Material, Color, Relationships, Expressions of Date/Time

Estar: to be

• Used for things that are TEMPORARY

• Estoy: I am

• Estás: you are

• Está: she/he Is

• Estamos: we are

• Estén: they are

• Position, Location, Action, Condition, Emotion

Por qué y Porque

• Porque: because

• Por qué: why?

• Para + infinitive: in order to (do something)

Expressing Possession

• Mi: my

• Mis: my + plural noun

• Tu: your

• Tus: your + plural noun

• Sus: your (formal)

• Su: to him, her, it, them

• Sus: to him, her, it, them + plural noun

• Nuestros/as: our plural

Verb Endings

• ER: -o -es -e -emos -en

• IR: -o -es -e -imos -en