AICE Travel and Tourism Review

Key Definitions

• Good: Tangible item that is owned (e.g., hotel bathrobe).
• Service: Something done for a person (e.g., housekeeping).
• Ancillary: Add-on (e.g., travel insurance, guided tours).
• Perishability: Product expiring after a time (e.g., online tickets).
• Seasonality: Availability limited to a time (e.g., ice skating in Times Square).
• Intangibility: Something not physically touchable (e.g., online purchase).
• Sustainable: Having little impact (e.g., skiing).
• Responsible: Making a better place to live/visit.

Cultural Characteristics of a Destination

• Examples include speaking Korean in Korea and eating empanadas in the Dominican Republic.

Events

• Lunar New Year in China: Celebration and worship.
• Independence Day in the Dominican Republic: Party.

Historical Destinations

• Great Wall of China: Represents unification.
• Mount Rushmore (USA): Symbolizes freedom and democracy.
• Colosseum (Italy): Symbolizes powers of old emperors.

Types of Tourism

• Domestic Tourism: Residents traveling within their country.
• International Tourism: Residents traveling outside their country.
• Inbound Tourism: Non-residents visiting a country.
• Outbound Tourism: Residents visiting another country (e.g., Americans going to Spain).

Social Factors Affecting Travel and Tourism

• Cultural factors: Tourist expectations, festivals, and events.
• Social Media: Impacts destination appeal.
• Accessibility: Ease of travel to a location.

Ecological Factors Affecting Travel and Tourism

• Climate, biodiversity, landscape.

Technological Factors Affecting Travel and Tourism

• Pros: Online booking (easier, flexible), digital payments, mobile apps.
• Cons: Hacking, data deletion.

Economic Development

• MEDC: Strong economically developed country (e.g., United States).
• LEDC: Low economically developed country (limited access to healthcare, nutrients).

VFR

• Visiting Friends and Family.

Employment

• Direct employment: Jobs providing goods (e.g., desk clerk, airline pilot).
• Indirect employment: Support roles not directly involved with the supplier.
• Internal customer: People within an organization receiving goods/services from another part of the business.

Religious & Cultural Tourism Examples

• Visiting Jerusalem, Mecca, cathedrals.