Study guide Cumulative

Nursing roles

1. provider of care

2. manager of care

3. member of profession:

   1. scholarship/ research

   2. advocacy

   3. nursing values:

      1. caring, integrity, diversity, excellence

goals of nurses

• promote health

• prevent illness

• treat health and illness

• advocate

Types of Assessment (Focused, Comprehensive, etc...)

• emergency (ABCDE)

• comprehensive: annually/ admission

• focused

Subjective and Objective Data in an Assessment

Activities of Daily living (ADLs):

• self-care activities

• mobility

• home maintenance

Prevention of nosocomial infections

• Hand hygiene

• PPE

• gloves:

  • 5 steps of transmission:

• contact/ droplet/ airborne

Inspection:

Advantages of Electronic Medical Record

• allows data to be quickly and directly input

• interface with pharmacy

• direct computer charting and entry for all healthcare providers

• all entries are legible, time dated

• automated clinical surveillance tools

High risk documentation errors

• inadequate admission assessment

• failing to record

  • pertinent health or drug info

  • changes in pt condition

  • prior tx event

  • notification of HCP

• failing to follow policies on documentation

Vital signs (know parameters i.e. normal/abnormal)

• 12-20 (10-32) resp

• <92% O2

• SBP <100/ >170

• temp 36-38C ( <35/39.5C)

Accurately taking a BP

• 80% of arms circumference

• make sure pt is relaxed and has not eaten or smoked

• falsely reading:

  • nosy/ hearing deficit

  • improper placement of earpiece/ stethoscope

  • deflating too quickly/ slowly

  • arm above heart

  • no talking

  • no leg crossing

  • no IV infusion, mastectomy

Pain:

• complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)

• neuropathic pain:

  • peripheral sensitization

• nociplastic pain: no identifiable cause

  • neural windup

  • peripheral/ central sentization

pain scale:

• visual analog

• numeric pain scale

• brief pain inventory

• MC Gill questionnaire

• Pain enjoyment and general activity

• Clinically aligned pain assess tool

• flacc

• special considerations

Essential Nutrients

• phospholipids

• vitamin + mineral

• fluid/ electrolyte

Cardiac risk factors

Erik Erikson Stages of Psychosocial Development

Elderly risk factors

Medication adverse effects- abnormal movement

Geriatric Depression Scale

Standards for The National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically

Appropriate Services in Health Care

Culture

Assessment objective findings in chronic hypoxia

Melanoma assessment (i.e. ABCDEs)

Infectious diseases associated with rashes/skin lesions (i.e. Varicella, measles

etc..)

Thyroid Assessment

Hypo/hyperthyroidism

Ptosis

Eye health teaching points

Visual field symptoms

Cranial nerves

Ear function

Issues with ear/hearing (i.e.Tinnitus, hearing loss etc...)

Recommended interventions for those at risk for ear infections

Nose: Different pathologies that occur (i.e. epistaxis, congestion etc..)

Adverse effects of antibiotics on human normal flora

Pneumonia

Respiratory symptoms “ Prioritizing patient complaints”

Describe the cardiovascular system

Systole and diastole

Fluid and electrolyte imbalances

Peripheral vascular diseases including symptoms, assessment, management

Breast self-examination

Gynecomastia

Breast cancer signs and symptoms

Abdominal assessment and assessing in the correct steps.... including major

Organs and “signs” i.e. Murphy’s sign, Rovsing’s sign etc....)

Musculoskeletal injuries- assessment

Musculoskeletal assessments: Phalen and Tinel Tests

Neurovascular assessments following traumas/MVAs etc..

Glascow Coma Scale

Head injuries and increased cranial pressure- assessment findings

Reflexes

Babinski reflex

Testicular Self-examination

Testicular torsion, hydrocele, epididymitis, inguinal hernia, varicocele

PAP smears

Cervical cancer

Uterine fibroids

STIs

Fundal heights correlated with gestational age

Normal fetal heart rate

Normal changes during late pregnancy

Priority assessments in the infant

Abuse signs and symptoms

Assessing respiratory rate in the child

Lead poisoning

Health promotional for life long cardiovascular health

Expected changes in the elderly

Interviewing the older adults

MMSE

Basic care

• Nurse roles

• • Types of Assessment (Focused, Comprehensive, etc...)

• • Subjective and Objective Data in an Assessment

• • Activities of Daily living (ADLs)

• • Prevention of nosocomial infections

• • Inspection

• • Advantages of Electronic Medical Record

• • High risk documentation errors

• • Vital signs (know parameters i.e. normal/abnormal)

• • Accurately taking a BP

• • Different types of Pain (i.e. acute, chronic, etc....)

• • Pain scales

• • Essential Nutrients

• • Cardiac risk factors

• • Erik Erikson Stages of Psychosocial Development

• • Elderly risk factors

• • Medication adverse effects- abnormal movement

• • Geriatric Depression Scale

• • Standards for The National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care

• • Culture

• • Assessment objective findings in chronic hypoxia

• • Melanoma assessment (i.e. ABCDEs)

• • Infectious diseases associated with rashes/skin lesions (i.e. Varicella, measles etc..)

• • Thyroid Assessment

• • Hypo/hyperthyroidism

• • Ptosis

• • Eye health teaching points

• • Visual field symptoms

• • Cranial nerves

• • Ear function

• • Issues with ear/hearing (i.e.Tinnitus, hearing loss etc...)

• • Recommended interventions for those at risk for ear infections

• • Nose: Different pathologies that occur (i.e. epistaxis, congestion etc..)

• • Adverse effects of antibiotics on human normal flora

• • Pneumonia

• • Respiratory symptoms “ Prioritizing patient complaints”

• • Describe the cardiovascular system

• • Systole and diastole

• • Fluid and electrolyte imbalances

• • Peripheral vascular diseases including symptoms, assessment, management

• • Breast self-examination

• • Gynecomastia

• • Breast cancer signs and symptoms

• • Abdominal assessment and assessing in the correct steps.... including major organs and “signs” i.e. Murphy’s sign, Rovsing’s sign etc....)

• • Musculoskeletal injuries- assessment

• • Musculoskeletal assessments: Phalen and Tinel Tests

• • Neurovascular assessments following traumas/MVAs etc..

• • Glascow Coma Scale

• • Head injuries and increased cranial pressure- assessment findings

• • Reflexes

• • Babinski reflex

• • Testicular Self-examination

• • Testicular torsion, hydrocele, epididymitis, inguinal hernia, varicocele

• • PAP smears

• • Cervical cancer

• • Uterine fibroids

• • STIs

• • Fundal heights correlated with gestational age

• • Normal fetal heart rate

• • Normal changes during late pregnancy

• • Priority assessments in the infant

• • Abuse signs and symptoms

• • Assessing respiratory rate in the child

• • Lead poisoning

• • Health promotional for life long cardiovascular health

• • Expected changes in the elderly

• • Interviewing the older adults

• • MMSE

• • Basic care