Vocab 3 AICE Euro

AICE European History Vocabulary List: Chapter 03:  Liberalism and Nationalism in Germany, 1815-1850 

Directions: 

• Read first.  Then use your memory to define the terms below.  Afterwards, if necessary, you can use the textbook and/or internet to define the terms, but remember to paraphrase. 

• Definitions should always include two parts:  

• Who or what the term is. 

• Why the person or thing is important in the chapter.  

1. Agreement (Humiliation) of Olmutz  

1. What is it? 

• When Austria forced Prussia to dismantle the Erfurt Union 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

2. Austro-Prussian War 1866  

1. What is it? 

• When Austria waged war against Prussia 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It unified Germany and made Prussia even more powerful 

3. Bourgeoisie  

1. What is it? 

• The middle class 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• The middle class are the nationalist and liberal people of Germany 

4. Burschenschaften   

1. What is it? 

• Student organization 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• Schools and colleges were the epicenter of liberalism 

5. Carlsbad Decrees   

1. What is it? 

• Laws that supressed liberalism and nationalism 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It angered the people and showed the conservative’s power 

6. Conservatism  

1. What is it? 

• The belief that the people serve the government and the government doesn’t serve the people 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• The opposing beliefs of the working and middle class 

7. Congress of Vienna   

1. What is it? 

• A congress of all European king and leaders  

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It reinstated conservative beliefs  

8. Danish-Prussian War, 1864   

1. What is it? 

• A war between Prussia and Denmark over Schleswig and Holstein 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

         It was a way for Bismarck to further make himself and Prussia look better than Austria 

9. Ems Dispatch  

1. What is it? 

An electric telegraph 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It gaves Prussians an advantage in the war against Austria 

10. Erfurt Union   

1. What is it? A plan to unite all the states under one central Prussian dominated government. 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It was an attempt at Prussian domination that would eventually fail. 

11. Franco-Prussian War, 1870   

1. What is it? T 

• The war between Prussia and France  

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It completed German unification and asserted Prussian dominance 

12. Frankfurt Assembly  

1. What is it?  

• A parliament created by liberals to try to give them control over Prussia 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It was the first attempt by the people to have a liberal government after the war of 1848 

13. Gastein Convention  

1. What is it? 

• The agreement after the Danish-German war 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• Gave Austria and Prussia a duchy each so they would be happy. 

14. June Days 

1. What is it? A second French revolution directed at Louis Napoleon the 3rd 

1. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It was the catalyst for all other countries in Europe to revolution 

16. Konniggratz  

1. What is it? 

• The final battle of the Austro-Prussian War 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It was the decisive last battle of the Austro-prussian war, finally giving victory to Prussia 

17. Kliendeutschland/Grossdeutschland 

1. What is it? 

• The two different solutiosn about German Unification were with a larger Prussia and a more powerful Austria 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It drove both Austria and Prussia to try to take control of Germany in their own ways. 

18. Kulturkampf  

1. What is it? 

A war between the catholic church and the German states 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It was helpful to the formation of the 2^nd Reich 

19. Liberalism  

1. What is it? The idea that the government was dependent of the people and the people control the government not the other way around 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It was a main ideal in the revolution 

20. Nationalism  

1. What is it? The idea that people of the same ethnicity should each belong to their own nation 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

                              It was an ideal that drove the revolution 

21. Needle Gun   

1. What is it? A gun used in the Austro-Prussian war 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It was just one of the many technological advancements Prussia had  

22. North German Confederation  

1. What is it? A confederation in northern Germany 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It established Prussian Power of northern Germany 

23. Proletariat  

1. What is it? The working class 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

They were radicals who wanted change but weren’t able to achieve anything or change their situation short-term  

24. Republic   

1. What is it? A form of government in which government is determined by people 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? It was what most Germans wanted, but what Leaders tried to avoid 

25. Revolutions of 1848 

1. Who is the person? A Liberal revolution or at least string of them in 1848 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

It caused the government to have to comply with liberal beliefs for a while and have constitutions for a while 

26. Romanticism 

1. Who is the person? An artistic movement around the time of the revolution 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

It allowed for people to better express themselves 

27. Schleswig-Holstein   

1. What is it? 2 duchies that spoke German but were controlled by Denmark 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

The cause of the war between Denmark and Prussia 

28. Six Acts  

1. What is it? Acts that prevented Liberals from meeting in public 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It snuffed liberalism from spreading essentially 

29. Socialism     

1. What is it? An idea that the economy is public and to the people 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

An ideal within the people of Germany, some not all 

30. Suffrage (or Franchise)   

1. What is it? Voting rights 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

3. Was a right many liberals and radicals wanted in the revolution 

31. Treaty of Prague, 1867   

1. What is it? A treaty between Austria and Prussia 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

Established Prussian dominance over Austria after the war 

32. Treaty of Versailles, 1871   

1. What is it? A treaty that Prussia made France sign after they lost 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

It established Prussian dominance over France 

33. Zionism 

1. What is it? 

• The movement from Jewish people that wanted their own nation-state 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It was one of the first nationalist ideas 

34. Zollverein  

1. What is it? 

• The trade union that removed tarrifs and allowed trade across Prussia. 

2. Why is it important in this chapter? 

• It gave Prussia an economic advantage 

35. Otto von Bismarck   

1. Who is the person? 

• The minister-president of Prussia from 1861 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• He was a major leader and cause of German Unification 

36. Charles Fourier  

1. Who is the person? 

• A Franch Philosopher 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• His liberal ideas influenced the revolutions of 1848 

37. Friedrich Wilhelm IV   

1. Who is the person? 

• The king of Prussia in 1840 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• He supported the revolution of 1848 

38. Karl Marx  

1. Who is the person? 

• A German Philosopher 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• He believed in socialism and capitalism,  

39. Klemens von Metternich  

1. Who is the person? 

• The head of the Congress of Vienna 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• His system was the major cause of the suppression of liberalism and nationalism, leading to the revolution.. 

40. Louis Blanc  

1. Who is the person? 

• A French Socialist 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• His ideas influenced the middle and working class who revolted 

41. Louis Napoleon/Napoleon III   

1. Who is the person? 

• The King of France that the French Revolted against in 1848 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• The “liberal” king of France who also helped Prussia defeat Austria in the Austro-Prussian war 

42. Louis Philippe   

1. Who is the person? 

• The King of France before the revolutions of 1848 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• The revolution against him caused all other revoutions in 1848 

43. Wilhelm I   

1. Who is the person? 

• The King of Prussia  

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• He helped Bismarck unify Prussia and reformed the army 

44. Louis XVIII   

1. Who is the person? 

• A king of France 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• The first king of France after the Napoleonic Wars 

45. Charles X  

1. Who is the person? 

• Another king of France 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

• He was against liberal views 

46. Georges Haussmann  

1. Who is the person? French urbann planner 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

Wasted french resources on betterment of sewage system 

47. Adam Smith 

1. Who is the person? 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter? 

48. Helmuth von Moltke  

1. Who is the person? 

2. Why is the person important in this chapter?