1. What are the divisions of the PNS?

Somatic NS and Autonomic NS

2. What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic NS?

Sympathetic Division

Parasympathetic Division

3. Autonomic motor pathways consist of how many motor neurons in series? 2 See figure. How does this compare to the motor pathways in the somatic NS?

Autonomic motor pathways consist of 2 motor neurons in series. Motor pathways in the somatic ns only have one motor

4. Where are preganglionic cell bodies located? Are the axons myelnated or unmyelinated? What about postganglionic cell bodies and axons?

5. Are pre and post-ganglionic neurons sensory or motor neurons?

motor

6. Are preganglionic neurons myelinated or unmyelinated? What about postganglionic neurons?

Preganglionic myelinated

Post ganglionic unmyelinated

7. There are 2 sites of synapses between sympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic neurons . What are these two types of ganglia? Where do they lie? Where do they innervate?

8. In the sympathetic division, where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons located within the spinal cord? What is another name for the sympathetic division?

9. What are splanchnic nerves? Do they synapse in the sympathetic trunk? If not, then where?

10. Are the axons long or short in preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic NS?

11. In the parasympathetic division, where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons located within the spinal cord? What is another name for the parasympathetic division?

12. Where do preganglionic axons of the parasympathetic division synapse with postganglionic neurons? Are these ganglia close to the spinal cord or target cells?

13. Are the axons long or short in preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in parasympathetic NS?

14. In the parasympathetic division, where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons located within the spinal cord? What is another name for the sympathetic division?

15. What are autonomic plexuses?

autonomic plexuses (fibers that innervate visceral organs)

a. Plexus - network of inter-twining parts such as nerve fibers or blood vessels

16. What are the 2 major autonomic plexuses in the thorax? What organs does each supply?

Cardiac plexus-supplies heart

Pulmonary plexus-supplies lungs

17. What are cholinergic and adrenergic neurons? What do each release?

Cholinergic neurons- release acetyolcholine-

Adrenergic neurons- release norepinephrine (aka noradrenalin)

18. What are the 2 cholinergic receptors called? Where are each located?

Cholinergic neurons– release acetylcholine (Ach

1. nicotinic receptors (found in the ganglia)

2. Muscarinic receptors (found in the synapses with the effector organs)

19. Which NS division does cholinergic drugs mimic? What about adrenergic drugs?

Cholinergic drugs- Medications that produce the same effects as the parasympathetic NS

a. Purpose: inhibit, enhance, or mimic the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

i. salivation, digestion, and muscle relaxation

Adrenergic drugs- Mimic or interfere with the functioning of the sympathetic nervous system

b. by affecting the release or action of norepinephrine and epinephrine

c. Purpose: act on your body to increase heart rate, sweating, and breathing rate, and decrease digestion

20. What is autonomic tone?

balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity

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