Chapter 1_Intro to Governance

Introduction to Governance

• Governance: The act or process of steering, guiding, or governing authorities and organizations.

Corruption and Greed

• Quote by A. P. J. Abdul Kalam emphasizes that corruption arises from greed, necessitating a movement towards an ethical society guided by a spirit of giving.

Concepts and Evolution of Governance

• Governance vs. Government:

  • Government: Refers to the entity exercising authority.

  • Governance: A broader term; encompasses decision-making processes, structures, and actors involved in the authority exercise.

Evolution of Governance

• Historical Context:

  • Originates from the Latin term gubernare, meaning to steer or guide.

  • By the 16th century, 'government' began to denote a system governing political matters.

  • In the 19th century, 'governance' faded in usage, being replaced by a focus on 'government'.

  • 1980s: Rise of global governance concepts emphasizing sustainable development and corporate governance.

Defining Governance

• UN Definition: Governance is about decision-making processes and how decisions are executed (2009).

• Institute on Governance Definition: Governance involves decision-making, stakeholder input, and accountability mechanisms (IOG, 2006).

Decision-Making in Governance

• Decentralization of decision-making facilitates efficiency, particularly in larger groups where multiple actors (stakeholders) are involved.

• Governance requires a multitude of actors to effectively represent different interests and ensure collaborative decision-making.

  • Central Component: Governance exists wherever groups collaborate towards common goals.

Actors in Governance

• Stakeholders influence decision outcomes, demanding accountability and participation in governance.

Comparison between Governance and Management

Governance Structure at Bicol University

• Overview of the governing body and stakeholders, such as CHED Commissioner, University President, and other key figures, demonstrating collaborative governance structure.

The Art of Governing

• Skillful Practice: Involves leadership and decision-making for collective societal benefits.

• Balance of ethical conduct, strategic thinking, and collaboration necessary for effective governance.

Importance of Good Governance

• Establishes a clear vision aligned with daily management for organizational success.

• Effective boards enhance both financial results and responsible asset management.

• Poor governance can lead to risks, including financial instability and loss of organizational purpose.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

• Lists of goals addressing critical societal issues such as poverty, hunger, health, education, and climate action.

• Emphasis on the role of good governance in achieving inclusive growth and efficacy in resource distribution.

Key Actors in Governance

• Public Sector: Governments facilitating participation from diverse sectors.

• Private Sector: The engine of economic development, creating jobs and fostering community support through various initiatives.

• Civil Society: Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), voluntary organizations that engage in social development alongside governmental efforts.

Good Governance Framework

1. Rule of Law: Fair legal frameworks enforceable impartially.

2. Transparency: Free access to information and clarity in decision-making processes.

3. Responsiveness: Organizations must act in stakeholders' best interest promptly.

4. Consensus-oriented: Mediation of varying societal interests to find broad agreements.

5. Equity and Inclusiveness: Engaging all societal sectors for well-being and representation.

6. Effectiveness and Efficiency: Achieving desired outcomes with optimal resource use.

7. Accountability: Ensuring responsibilities are upheld, with evaluations of public and private sectors.

8. Participation: Encouraging active involvement from all societal segments in governance.

Challenges in Governance

• Navigating the balance between state and market for sustainable growth while addressing inequality and corruption.

• Environmental governance urges industries to be mindful of their ecological impacts, fostering cooperative approaches across sectors.

• Globalization poses risks alongside developmental opportunities, stressing the need for inclusive governance ensuring equitable benefits for all nations.

• Post-conflict governance must unite fragmented societies, involving various stakeholders to foster peace and development collective efforts.

Conclusion

• The governance framework depicts a collaborative effort between government, private entities, civil society, and active citizenship toward fostering an inclusive and equitable society. By understanding the distinct roles each sector plays, effective governance can be achieved, leading to a sustainable and prosperous future.