MIS REVIEWER PRELIMS

Data - A number, statement, image, or video that may represent specific data

Information- It refers to a collection of data, such as words, numbers, images or graphics

Timeliness - Every information must be up to date based on the requirements not too early and not too late for the end user.

Appropriateness - A system must have appropriate and relevant information in every module.

Accuracy - Information must be correct or precise.

Conciseness - Not all information must be displayed in the system. It should only contain the minimum detail that is appropriate to the user

Understandability - Any information should be understandable. The format and how the information is presented are important.

Completeness - Any information must be complete based on the requirements.

System - This refers to the components that are interrelated, working together with a common goal to accept inputs and outputs.

Input - is the information or data a user adds in the system.

Processing - is the efficiency of data processing. It enables an organization to process millions of data.

Output - refers to the data or information that has been processed and displayed to the end users.

Feedback - refers to the comments or suggestions in the system. This is used to improve or make any process more manageable for end users.

Control - is about managing the operations in every process of the system.

System Boundaries - This is the scope of activities in which it is limited for viewing or accessing any module of a system.

Subsystems - Every system consists of subsystems that have different objectives and interactions based on the given requirements.

Subsystem Interface - It refers to the connection of each system or subsystem boundaries and serves as the connection to display the output from one (1) system to the input of another system

System Environment - This refers to the people, organizations, and other systems that give and receive data from the system.

System Feedback - Every system always needs feedback to be able to do its job and to process accurately based on the requirements.

Information Systems - It refers to a set of interrelated components that collect any information or data, process, store, and display the output to support decision-making.

Organization - Information Systems in an organization may consist of hardware, software, people, procedures, and telecommunication.

Transaction Procession System - This system is the most widely used information system. The function of this system is to record data which are collected at the boundaries of organizations.

Supply Chain Management System - Supply chain refers to the sequence of activities. It includes marketing, manufacturing and assembly, packing and shipping, and billing and collection.

Customer Relationship Management System - This system manages the relationship of the organization to its customer.

Business Intelligence systems - Most of the organizations use business intelligence systems to compete better with other organizations. This system accesses massive data, usually larger databases called data warehouses.

Decision Support System -This system helps to find actions and answers most of the questions like "What if?"

Expert Support System - This system uses artificial intelligence to be able to preserve the knowledge of an expert and to solve problems.

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) - also called waterfall development, consists of well-defined phasesthat are followed methodically.

Systems Life Cycle - is the oldest method when building information systems. It is a phased approach in creating or building a system by dividing systems development into formal stages.

Systems Analysis – This is the first stage in a system life cycle that has certain steps to come up on the data. It requires analyzing the data, identifying the problems, and determining the information requirements and objectives of the system.

System Design – In this phase, the system design shows how the system will fulfill the objectives based on the requirements that have come up.

Programming – In this stage, the system specifications that were prepared during the design stage are translated into program code or software.

Testing – This phase is the most respected in systems development. Testing each module in every simulation does not mean that the functionalities are in good condition;

Implementation – In the new IS, implementation is referred to as delivery. This consists of conversion and training.

Production and Maintenance – When the new system is installed, it is said to be in production.

Ad-Hoc Development – This approach relies on the skills and experience of the individual staff. It only refers to the small projects at which the staff is skilled.

Waterfall Model – This method is the most common and the earliest structured system development and is still widely used.

Prototyping – It is developed on the assumption that it knows all the requirements at the beginning of the project.

Spiral Model – This approach is designed to include the best features from the waterfall and the prototype models.

Agile development – This approach focuses on the fast delivery of the working software by dividing a large project into a series of small subprojects, which will be completed in short periods using iteration and continuous feedback.