AP Environmental Science: Unit 3 Review - Populations

Introduction to Sustainability

• sustainability - refers to humans living on Earth and their use of resources without depletion of the resources for future generations
• ecological footprint - the resource demand and waste production required for an individual or society
• sustainable yield - the amount of renewable resources that can be used without reducing available supply

Survivorship Curves

• Type I - (ex. gorillas)
• Type II - (ex. birds)
• Type III - (ex. mosquitoes)
• biotic potential - maximum reproduction rat under ideal conditions
• carrying capacity - maximum number of organisms and environment can support without resource depletion

Age Structure Diagrams

• pre-industrial - slow growth, high death rate, high birth rate
• transitional - rapid growth, advancement in medicine
• industrial - decrease in growth rate, women's rights, family planning
• post-industrial - negative or no growth
• exponential curve - J shape
• logistic curve - S shape

Demographic Transition

• demographic transition - refers to the transition of a country where it moves from a preindustrial to an industrial stage
• total fertility rate (TFR) - the number of births a woman has in her lifetime, many factors involved such as education, government policies, family planning, etc.

Human Population Dynamics

• doubling time - number of time for population to double
• rule of 70 - 70/ growth rate of population (%)